2. The Book of Prayer

Narrated 'Abdullah bin 'Amr (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) said: "The time of the Zuhr (noon) prayer is when the sun passes the meridian and a man's shadow is of the same length as his height. It lasts until the time of the 'Asr (afternoon) prayer. The time of the 'Asr prayer is as long as the sun has not become yellow (during its setting). The time of the Maghrib (sunset) prayer is as long as the twilight has not disappeared. The time of the 'Isha' (night) prayer is up to midnight. And the time of the Fajr (morning) prayer is from the appearance of dawn as long as the sun has not risen; (but when the sun rises abstain from prayer; for it rises between the two horns of Satan)." [Reported by Muslim]. Narrated Buraidah (RA) in another version of the above Hadith regarding 'Asr (afternoon prayer): "When the sun is white and clear." [Reported by Muslim]. And Abu Musa (RA) narrated regarding the time of 'Asr prayer: "While the sun is high." [Reported by Muslim in another narration of the former Hadith]. Narrated Abu Barza al-Aslami (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to offer the 'Asr prayer (and after the prayer) one of us would return to his house at the furthest end of al-Madinah and arrive while the sun was still hot and bright. And he (ﷺ) loved to delay the 'Isha' prayer, and he disliked sleeping before it and conversation after it. After the Fajr prayer he used to leave when a man could recognize the one sitting beside him and he used to recite between 60 to 100 Verse of Qur'an in the Fajr prayer. [Agreed upon]. Narrated Jabir (RA), in the version of al-BUkhari and Muslim: [The Prophet (ﷺ)] used to advance the 'Isha' prayer sometimes and delay it at other times. Whenever he saw the people assembled (for the 'Isha' prayer) he would pray early and if the people delayed, he would delay the prayer. And the Prophet (ﷺ) used to offer the Fajr prayer when it was still dark. Narrated Abu Musa (RA) in another version of Muslim: He (ﷺ) offered the Fajr prayer at daybreak when the people could hardly recognize one another. Narrated Rafi' bin Khadij (RA): We used to offer the Maghrib prayer with Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and then one of us would go (out of the mosque) and be able to see the spot his would fall at. [Agreed upon]. Narrated 'Aishah (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) delayed (the 'Isha' prayer) one night till a great part of the night passed, then he went out and offered the prayer, and said, "This is the proper time for it; were it not that I would impose a burden on my followers." [Reported by Muslim]. Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "When it is hot, delay the (Zuhr) prayer till it cools down, for the intensity of heat is from the exhalation of Hell." [Agreed upon]. Narrated Rafi' bin Khadij (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Offer the morning prayer at dawn, for it is greater for your rewards." [Reported by al-Khamsah. at-Tirmidhi and Ibn Hibban graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) said: "He who prays a Rak'a of the Fajr prayer before the sun rises, has offered the dawn prayer in its time, and he who prays a Rak'a of the 'Asr prayer before the sun sets has offered the afternoon prayer." [Agreed upon]. Muslim reported the same above Hadith in another version narrated by 'Aishah (RA), who narrated 'Sajdah (prostration)' instead of 'Rak'a (prayer unit)' and then he (Muslim) said: "A Sajdah implies a Rak'a." Narrated Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (RA): I heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) saying: "No Salat (prayer) is to be offered after the morning prayer until the sun rises, or after the afternoon prayer until the sun sets." [Agreed upon]. And in the narration of Muslim: "There is no Salat (prayer) after the Fajr (morning) prayer." 'Uqbah bin 'Aamir (RA) narrated: "There are three times at which Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to forbid us to pray or bury our dead: (a) when the sun begins to rise till it is fully up, (b) when the sun is at its height at midday till it passes the meridian, and (c) when the sun draws near to setting till it sets." [Reported by Muslim]. ash-Shafi'i views the second ruling from A Hadith narrated by Abu Hurairah (RA) through a weak Sanad with the addition: "Except on Friday". Abu Dawud reported something similar from Abu Qatadah (RA). Narrated Jubair bin Mut'im (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "O descendants of 'Abd Manaf! You must not prevent anyone who goes round this House (Ka'bah) and prays (here) at any hour of the night or day that he wishes." [Reported by al-Khamsah, at-Tirmidhi and Ibn Hibban graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated Ibn 'Umar (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) said: "The twilight is the redness." [Reported by ad-Daraqutni. Ibn Khuzaimah graded it Sahih (authentic) and others graded it Mawquf (a saying of a Companion)]. Narrated Ibn 'Abbas (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said that, "Dawn is of two types; the dawn in which eating is forbidden (for the fasting person) and prayer is permitted and the dawn in which prayer is forbidden i.e. the morning prayer and eating is permitted." [Reported by Ibn Khuzaimah and al-Hakim who (both) graded it Sahih]. al-Hakim reported something similar to the above Hadith from Jabir and added to the type of dawn in which eating is forbidden: "it is spread widely in the horizon," and to the other type: "it has the shape of wolf's tail." Narrated Ibn Mas'ud (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "One of the best deeds is to offer Salat (prayer) in its early time." [Reported by at-Tirmidhi and al-Hakim who (both) graded it Sahih]. Its basic meaning is in the Sahihain of al-Bukhari and Muslim. Narrated Abu Mahdhurah (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) said: "The earliest time of prayer is what pleases Allah, the midtime is for the mercy of Allah and the latest time is what Allah pardons." [Reported by ad-Daraqutni with a very weak Sanad (chain)]. at-Tirmidhi has reported something similar, narrated by Ibn 'Umar, without mentioning the midtime. [It is Da'if (weak) too]. Narrated Ibn 'Umar (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "There is no Salat (i.e. voluntary prayer) after the break of dawn except Sajdatain (Sunnah of Fajr)." [Reported by al-Khamsah except an-Nasa'i]. In another narration : 'Abdur-Razzaq also narrated: "There is no Salat (voluntary prayer) after the break of dawn ecept the two (Sunnah) Rak'a of Fajr." A narration of ad-Daraqutni narrated by Amr bin al-'Aas is similar to the one above. Narrated Umm Salamah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) came to my house after offering 'Asr prayer and offered two Rak'a, then I asked him about that and he replied, "I was kept busy (and failed to pray) the two (Sunnah) Rak'a after Zuhr prayer, so I offered them now." I asked him, "Should we offer them if we miss them?" He (ﷺ) replied, "No." [Reported by Ahmad]. The narration of Abu Dawud from 'Aishah (RA) has the same meaning. Narrated 'Abdullah bin Zaid bin Abd-Rabbihi (RA): A man appeared to me while I was asleep and told me to say, "Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar (Allah is the Most Great, Allah is the Most Great)" and he mentioned the Adhan with Allahu Akbar four times without Tarji', and the Iqama once except Qad qamat-is-Salah (the prayer stood ready to begin), (he repeated it twice). He ('Abdullah) said when it was morning I went to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and he said, "It is a true vision..." [Reported by Ahmad and Abu Dawud; at-Tirmidni and Ibn Khuzaimah graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Ahmad added to the end of the above Hadith, the story of BIlal's statement in the Fajr Adhan (morning prayer call): as-Salatu khairun minan-nawm - "Prayer is better than sleep". Ibn Khuzaimah reported from Anas (RA): "It is from the Sunnah that when the Mu'adhadhin says [in the first Adhan of] Fajr (prayer time): 'Haiya 'alal-Falah (Come to the success)', he says (also) 'as-Salatu khairun minan-nawm (Prayer is better than sleep).'" Narrated Abu Mahdhura (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) taught him the Adhan (call to prayer) and he (the narrator) mentioned the Tarji' in it. [Muslim reported it, but mentioned the phrase (Takbir) "Allah is the Most Great" at its beginning just twice. al-Khamsah reported it, but mentioned the Takbir four times. Narrated Anas (RA): Bilal was commanded to announce the Adhan (each phrase) twice and the Iqamah (each phrase) once except "The prayer stood ready to begin" (to be pronounced twice). [Agreed upon; but Muslim did not mentioned the exception]. A narration of an-Nasa'i has: "Bilal was ordered by the Prophet (ﷺ)." Narrated Abu Juhaifa (RA): I saw Bilal calling for prayer and I would follow (looking at) his mouth (as he turned it) this (right) side and that (left) side with his fingers in his ears. [Reported by Ahmad and at-Tirmidhi who graded it Sahih (authentic)]. In a narration of Ibn Majah - 'and he put his fingers in his ears'. And also a narration of Abu Dawud - 'he turned his neck to the right and left when he reached Haiya 'alas-Salah (Come to the prayer) and did not turn his body'. And its basic meaning is in Sahihain (al-Bukhari and Muslim). Narrated Abu Mandhura (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) liked his voice, so he taught him the Adhan (call to prayer). [Reported by Ibn Khuzaimah]. Narrated Jabir bin Samurah (RA): I prayed with the Prophet (ﷺ) the two 'Eids, not only once or twice, without an Adhan or an Iqamah. [Reported by Muslim]. A similar narration is in al-Bukhari and Muslim narrated by 'Abdullah bin 'Abbas (RA) and others. Narrated Abu Qatadah (RA) in a long Hadith about their (Sahaba) sleeping late past the time of Salat (prayer): Then Bilal proclaimed the Adhan and the Prophet (ﷺ) offered the prayer (while leading the Companions) as he used to do every day. [Reported by Muslim]. Muslim also reported from Jabir (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) came to al-Muzdalifah and offered at it both the Maghrib and 'Isha prayers with one Adhan and two Iqamah. Muslim also reported from Ibn 'Umar (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) combined the Maghrib and 'Isha prayers with one Iqamah. Abu Dawud added the words: "for each prayer". And in another narration he reported: The Adhan was not announced for any one of them. Narrated Ibn 'Umar and 'Aishah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Bilal calls for prayer when it is still night, so eat and drink till Ibn Umm Maktum calls for prayer." And he (Ibn Umm Maktum) was a blind man who did not call for a prayer until he was told: "It is morning time, it is morning time." [Agreed upon].There is an Idraj in its last part. Narrated Ibn 'Umar (RA): Bilal called for prayer before dawn and the Prophet (ﷺ) told him to return and announce: "Lo! the slave of Allah (i.e. Bilal) had slept (hence this mistake)". [Reported by Abu Dawud, and graded as Da'if (weak)]. Narrated Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "When you hear the Adhan repeat what the Mu'adhdhin (the call-maker) says." [Agreed upon]. And al-Bukhari has reported similarly in a narration by Mu'awiyah (RA). And Muslim reported a narration by 'Umar (RA) regarding the virtue of repeating what the Mu'adhdhin pronounces word by word except when the Mu'adhdhin says: "Haiya 'alas-Salah, Haiya 'alal-Falah (Come to the prayer and come to the success)", one should say: "La hawla wa la quwwata illa billah [there is no might and no power except with (the help of) Allah]." Narrated 'Uthman bin Abul-'Aas (RA): He said, "O Messenger of Allah, appointment as the Imam (leader) of my people (in prayers). He (ﷺ) said: "You are their Imam, but you should follow (observe the strength of) the weakest among them and appoint a Mu'adhdhin who does not charge for the call of Adhan." [Reported by al-Khamsah, at-Tirmidhi graded it Hasan (good) and al-Hakim graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated Malik bin al-Huwairith (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) said to us, "When the time of Salat (prayer) comes, one of you should announce the Adhan." [Reported by as-Sab'ah]. Narrated Jabir (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said to Bilal, "When you announce the Adhan, utter deliberately and when you pronounce the Iqamah utter quickly, and leave between your Adhan and your Iqamah time for one who is eating to finish his food." [Reported by at-Tirmidhi who graded it Da'if (weak)]. He also reported from Abu Hurairah (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) said: "No one should announce Adhan except the one who has performed the ablution". [Reported by at-Tirmidhi who graded it Da'if (weak)].So the narration is weak whether Marfu' [reaching back to the Prophet (ﷺ)] or Mawquf (saying of a Companion). He also reported from Ziyad bin al-Harith (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "The one who announces the Adhan should also pronounce the Iqamah." [Reported by at-Tirmidhi who graded it Da'if (weak)]. Narrated 'Abdullah bin Zaid in another narration of the Hadith reported by Abu Dawud: I saw it, i.e. the Adhan (in a vision) and I wanted to announce it. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "You pronounce the Iqamah." [This Hadith is also Da'if (weak)]. Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "The Mu'adhdhin has more right to [determine the time to] announce the Adhan and the Imam has more right to [determine when to] pronounce the Iqamah." [Reported by Ibn 'Adi who graded it Da'if (weak)]. al-Baihaqi has reported a similar narration from the saying of 'Ali (RA). Narrated Anas bin Malik (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "A supplication made between the Adhan and Iqamah is not rejected." [Reported by an-Nasa'i and Ibn Khuzaimah graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated Jabir (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "If anyone says when he hears the Adhan: 'O Allah! Lord of this perfect call and of the regular prayer which is going to be established! Kindly give Muhammad (ﷺ) the right of intercession and superiority, and send him (on the Day of Judgement) to the best and highest place in Paradise which You promised him', he will be assured of my intercession on the Day of Judgement." [Reported by al-Arba'ah]. Narrated 'Ali bin Talq (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "When one of you releases air (through his anus) during Salat (prayer), he should break the Salat (prayer) then perform ablution and repeat the prayer." [Reported by al-Khamsah and Ibn Hibban graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated 'Aisha (ra): Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) said: “Whoever vomits, bleeds through the nose, or released Madhi (urethral discharge) should go, perform ablution and then complete his Salat (prayer) (by continuing from where he had stopped at) on condition that he does not speak in the process”. Reported by Ibn Majah and it was graded weak by Ahmed. Narrated ['Aishah (RA)]: The Prophet (ﷺ) said: "The Salat (prayer) of a woman, who has reached puberty, is not accepted unless she is wearing a Khimar." [Reported by al-Khamsah except an-Naza'i. And Ibn Khuzaimah graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated Jabir (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) said: "If the garment is ample, wrap it round your body i.e. during the Salat (prayer)." A narration by Muslim has: "you should cross the two ends, and if it is tight, you should wrap it round your waist." [Agreed upon]. Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA): [The Prophet (ﷺ) said:] None of you should offer Salat (prayer) in a single garment with no part of it on his shoulders. [Agreed upon]. Narrated Umm Salamah (RA): She asked the Prophet (ﷺ), "Can a woman pray in a long dress and a veil without wearing a lower garment?" He replied, "If the long dress is ample and covers the surface of her feet." [Reported by Abu Dawud and the Imams graded it Mawquf (a saying of Umm Salamah)]. Narrated 'Aamir bin Rabi'ah (RA): We were with the Prophet (ﷺ) during a dark night and we became uncertain about the Qiblah (the direction of Makkah) we then prayed (without being certain). When the run rose, we discovered that we prayed towards a direction other than the Qiblah. So this Verse was revealed: "...so wherever you turn yourselves or your faces, there is the Face of Allah..." [Reported by at-Tirmidhi who graded it Da'if (weak)]. Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "The direction between the east and west is Qiblah." [Reported by at-Tirmidhi, and al-Bukhari considered it Qawi (strong)]. Narrated 'Aamir bin Rabi'ah (RA): I saw Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) praying while mounted on his riding animal facing whatever direction it faced. [Agreed upon]. al-Bukhari added: "Making gestures with his head and he did not do that (pray while mounted) with obligatory prayers." Narrated Anas in another narration of the Hadith reported by Abu Dawud: When [he (ﷺ)] traveled, and intended to pray a voluntary prayer, he used to direct his riding camel towards the Qiblah, say, "Allahu Akbar" and pray facing whatever direction it faced. [Its chain is Hasan (good)]. Narrated Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) said: "The whole earth is a mosque (to pray on) except a graveyard and a toilet." [Reported by at-Tirmidhi and it has an 'Illa (a defect)]. Narrated Ibn 'Umar (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade prayer at seven places; a dump, a slaughter house, a graveyard, the middle of the path, a bathroom, and where camels sit at a watering place and on (roof) of the Ka'bah. [Reported by at-Tirmidhi who graded it Da'if (weak)]. Narrated Abu Marthad al-Ghanawi (RA): I heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) say, "Don't pray towards graves and don't sit on them." [Reported by Muslim] Narrated Abu Sa'id (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "When any of you comes to the mosque he should look and if he sees impurity on his sandals (shoes) he should wipe them and then pray in them." [Reported by Abu Dawud, and Ibn Khuzaimah graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "If one of you steps on filth with his two leather socks then the earth is their purification." [Reported by Abu Dawud, and Ibn Hibban graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated Mu'awiya bin al-Hakam (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Talking is not befitting during the Salat (prayer), for it (prayer) consists only of glorifying Allah, declaring His Greatness and the recitation of the Qur'an." [Reported by Muslim]. Narrated Zaid bin Arqam (RA): We used to talk while engaged in Salat (prayer) during the lifetime of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and one would talk with his companion regarding his needs in prayer till (this verse) was revealed: "Guard strictly the prayers, especially the middle prayer; and stand before Allah with obedience," then we were commanded to observe silence (in prayer) and were forbidden to talk. [Agreed upon. This wording is from Muslim]. Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Glorification of Allah (i.e. saying) is for men and clapping of hands is for women." [Agreed upon]. Muslim added: "during Salat (prayer)". Narrated Mutarrif bin Abdullah bin Shikhkhir (RA) from his father, who said, "I saw Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) when he was engaged in prayer, and heard a sound from his chest, like the bubbling of a pot, from weeping." [Reported by al-Khamsah except Ibn Majah, and Ibn Hibban graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated Ali (RA): "I had the permission of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) to see him in his house at two times, and whenever I entered to him while he was praying he would clear his throat as a sign to me." [Reported by an-Nasa'i and Ibn Majah]. Narrated Ibn 'Umar (RA): I asked Bilal (RA), "How did you observe the Prophet (ﷺ) replying to their (the Companions) salutation while he was engaged in prayer?" He (Bilal) said: "He used to do this way," and he (Bilal) demonstrated by spreading his palm. [Reported by Abu Dawud and at-Tirmidhi. The latter graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated Abu Qatada (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) was (one time) offering prayer while he was carrying Umama, daughter of Zainab, when he prostrated he put her down and when he stood up he lifted her up. [Agreed upon]. Muslim has: "While he (ﷺ) led the people in the prayer in the masjid..." Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA): "Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Kill the two black ones during Salat (prayer), the snake and the scorpion." [Reported by al-Arba'a, and Ibn Hibban graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated Abu Juhaim bin al-Harith (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "If the person who passes in front of another person in prayer knew the magnitude of his sin, it would have been better for him to wait for forty than pass in front of him." [Agreed upon. This wording is from al-Bukhari]. It is mentioned in al-Bazzar through another chain with the addition: "forty years." Narrated 'Aishah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) was asked in the expedition of Tabuk about the Sutra of the person who is offering the prayer; he said , "It is (something) like the back of a saddle." [Reported by Muslim]. Narrated Sabra bin Ma'bad al-Juhani (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Let one of you who is in Salat (prayer) put a Sutra in front of him even if it is an arrow." [Reported by al-Hakim]. Narrated Abu Dhar al-Ghifari (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), "In case there is not before him (an object) like the back of a saddle, a Muslim's Salat (prayer) would be cut off by (the passing of) a woman, a donkey and a black dog." And it concludes: "the black dog is a devil." [Reported by Muslim]. Muslim also reported through Abu Hurairah (RA) a similar Hadith without the mention of Kalb (dog). In another narration Abu Dawud and an-Nasa'i reported through Ibn Abbas (RA) a similar report without its end and connected the prohibition of a woman passing in front of a praying person to the state of being in her menstruation period. Narrated Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "If one of you prays towards an object separating him from the people and someone tries to pass (between him and the object) in front of him, let him turn him away but if he refuses he should fight him for he is a devil." [Agreed upon]. In another narration: "for there is a Satan with him." Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "When one of you prays, he should put something in front of him, and if he cannot find something he should set up a stick; but if he has no stick with him he should draw a line, then what passes in front of him will not harm him." [Reported by Ahmad and Ibn Majah. And Ibn Hibban graded it Sahih (authentic). And he who claims it is Mudtarib (inconclusive) is not correct. Rather is Hasan (good)]. Narrated Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Nothing interrupts Salat (prayer), but avert as much as you can (things that cut off prayer)." [Reported by Abu Dawud and there is weakness in its chain]. Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade keeping one's hands on one's waist while praying. [Agreed upon]. The wording is that of Muslim's.And it's meaning is to put (one's) hands on his waist. And in the narration of al-Bukhari narrated by 'Aishah (RA) is: "This is a practice of the Jews." Narrated Anas (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "If supper is brought (and the prayer is ready) start with it (the food) before you pray the Maghrib (prayer)." [Agreed upon]. Narrated Abu Dhar (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "When one of you is praying he must not remove pebbles (from his face) for the mercy is facing him." [Reported by al-Khamsah with a Sahih (authentic) chain]. And Ahmad added to the above Hadith: "(remove the pebbles) once or leave (them)." It is also reported in as-Sahih on the authority of Mu'aiqib without mention of the reason. Narrated 'Aishah (RA): I asked Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) about looking around during prayer and he said, "It is something which the devil snatches from a person's prayer." [Reported by al-Bukhari]. at-Tirmidhi has reported and graded as Sahih (authentic) the narration of Anas (RA): "Avoid looking around when you are engaged in prayer, for looking around is destruction. And if you must do it, do so in the voluntary prayers." Narrated Anas (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "When anyone of you is engaged in Salat (prayer), he is holding intimate conversation with his Rabb so he should not spit in front of him, nor to his right side, but to his left side, under his foot". [Agreed upon]. A narration has: "or under his foot." Narrated [Anas (RA)]: 'Aishah (RA) had a Qiram (a soft piece of cloth with colours) with which she had screened one side of her house. The Prophet (ﷺ) said: "Take away this Qiram of yours, for its pictures are displayed in front of me during my prayer." [Reported by al-Bukhari]. al-Bukhari and Muslim have also reported a Hadith narrated by her ['Aishah (RA)] in which is mentioned the story of Abu Jahm's Ambijania (a plain woolem garment) with the addition: "it (the Khamisa) has distracted me from my prayer." Narrated Jabir bin Samura (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Those people who raise their eyes to heaven while in Salat (prayer) should stop (doing so) or else their sight will not return to them." [Reported by Muslim]. Narrated 'Aishah (RA) in another narration of it from Muslim: I heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "No Salat (prayer) can be (rightly offered) with food brought (before the worshiper) or when he is resisting the urge to relive himself of the two filths (i.e. urine and feces)." Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) said: "Yawning is caused by the devil, so when one of you yawns he must repress it as much as he can." [Reported by Muslim]. Also reported by at-Tirmidhi, and he added: "during Salat (prayers)." Narrated 'Aishah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) ordered that the mosques be built in residential districts and that it be cleaned and perfumed. [Reported by Ahmad, Abu Dawud, and at-Tirmidhi. The latter considered it Mursal [missing link in the chain after the Tabi'i (student of a Companion)]. Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "May Allah curse the Jews! They have turned the graves of their Prophets into mosques." [Agreed upon]. Muslim added: "and Christians." Narrated 'Aishah (RA) in al-Bukhari and Muslim [that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said], "When a pious person amongst them (the Jews and Christians) died they used to build a place of worship and prostration on his grave." In the same Hadith is: "Those are the worst of creatures." Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) sent an expedition of horsemen who came back with a man, they then tied him to one of the pillars of the mosque. [Agreed upon]. Narrated [Abu Hurairah (RA)]: Umar came over Hassan while reciting poetry inside the mosque and looked at him sternly, then he (Hassan) said: "I used to recite poetry inside it (the mosque) in the presence of one who is more pious than you [i.e. the Prophet (ﷺ)]". [Agreed upon]. Narrated [Abu Hurairah (RA)]: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Whoever hears a man crying out in the mosque about something he has lost, he should say, 'May Allah not restore it to you', for the mosques were not built for this." [Reported by Muslim]. Narrated [Abu Hurairah (RA)]: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "If you see someone buying or selling inside the mosque, say: 'May Allah not make your trading profitable!'" [Reported by an-Nasa'i and at-Tirmidhi and the latter graded it Hasan (good)]. Narrated Hakim bin Hizam (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Neither the prescribed punishment nor retaliations should be executed inside the mosque." [Reported by Ahmad and Abu Dawud through a weak Sanad (chain)]. Narrated 'Aishah (RA): On the day of al-Khandaq (battle of the Trench), Sa'd was injured and Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) pitched a tent for him in the mosque to visit him from a close distance. [Agreed upon]. Narrated ['Aishah (RA)]: I saw Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) at the door of my house screening me while I watched some Abyssinians (Ethiopians) who were playing in the mosque... (the narration). [Agreed upon]. Narrated ['Aishah (RA)]: One black slave-girl had a tent in the mosque and she used to come to me and talk (with me) in my house. [Agreed upon]. Narrated Anas (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Spitting in the mosque is a sin and its expiation is burying it." [Agreed upon]. Narrated [Anas (RA)]: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "The House (Judgement Day) will not come until people boast (to each other) with (the construction and decoration of) mosques. [Reported by al-Khamsah except at-Tirmidhi, and Ibn Khuzaimah graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated Ibn 'Abbas (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "I was not commanded to build beautified mosques". [Reported by Abu Dawud and Ibn Hibban graded it Sahih (authentic)] Narrated Anas (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "The rewards of my Ummah (followers) were shown to me, even a peck of dust a man takes out of the mosque." [Reported by Abu Dawud and at-Tirmidhi. The latter graded it Gharib (having a single narrator), and Ibn Khuzaimah graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated Abu Qatada (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "When one of you enters a mosque, he must not sit until he prays two Rak'ah." [Agreed upon]. Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) said: "When you get up to pray, perform ablution perfectly, then face the Qiblah and say: 'Allahu Akbar' (Allah is the Most Great). Then recite a convenient portion of the Qur'an; then bow and remain calmly in that position for a moment, then rise up and stand erect; then prostrate and remain calmly in that position for a moment, then rise up and sit calmly, then prostrate and remain calmly in that position for a moment; then do that throughout your prayer." [Reported by as-Sab'a and the wording is that of al-Bukhari]. The narration of Ibn Majah through a chain of Muslim has: "Then rise up and stand erect calmly." And in the narration of Ibn Hibban and Ahmad the Hadith of Rifa'a bin Rafi' bin Malik is similar to the above. And Ahmad has: "Keep your back straight till the bones return (to their positions)." And in the narration of an-Nasa'i and Abu Dawud from the Hadith of Rifa'a bin Rafi': "The Salat (prayer) of one of you will not be complete until he performs Wudu' (ablution) properly as Allah commanded him, then he says Allahu Akbar and Alhamdu lillah and praises Him." It is also mentionmed in the same Hadith, "If you know any portion of the Qur'an, read it or else say: Alhamdu lillah, Allahu Akbar and La ilaha ill-Allah." And Abu Dawud has "Then read the Ummul-Qur'an (i.e. Surah al-Fatiha) and what ever Allah wishes". Ibn Hibban also has: "and then (read) whatever you wish." Narrated Abu Humaid As-Sa'idi (RA): "I saw Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) when he uttered the Takbir, he placed his hands parallel to his shoulders; and when he bowed down, he rested his hands on his knees, then bent his back. When he raised his head up, he stood erect until the bones of his spine became straight. When he prostrated, he placed his arms such that they were neither spread out nor drawn in, and the tips of his toes were facing the Qiblah; when he sat up, at the end of two Rak'a, he sat on his left foot and put erect the right one; and when he sat up after the last Rak'a he put forward the left foot, put erect the other one and sat on his buttock." [Reported by al-Bukhari]. Narrated 'Ali bin Abi Talib (RA): Whenever Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) stood for Salat (prayer), he used to say: "I have turned my face (as a monotheist) towards Him who created the heavens and the earth and I am not from the polytheists. My prayer and my devotion, my life and my death belong to Allah, the Lord of the universe, Who has no partner. That is what I have been commanded, and I am a Muslim. O Allah, You are the King. There is nothing which deserves to be worshipped but You. You are my Rabb (Lord) and I am Your slave. I have wronged myself, but I acknowledge my sin, so forgive me all my sins, You alone can forgive sins; and guide me to the best qualities, You alone can guide to the best of them: and turn me from evil ones, You alone can turn from evil qualities. I come to serve and please You. All good is in Your Hands and evil does not pertain to You. I seek refuge in You and turn to You, You are the Blessed and the Exalted. I ask Your forgiveness and turn to You in repentance." [Reported by Muslim]. And in another narration of Muslim: "he used to say that in the night prayer..." Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA) Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to keep silent - between the opening Takbir of the prayer and the recitation of the Qur'an - for a short while. Then, I asked him (about that) and he replied, "I say, 'O Allah! Keep me apart from my sins (faults) as you have kept apart the east and west. O Allah clean me from my sins as a white garment is cleaned from dirt. O Allah wash me of my sins with water, snow and hail." [Agreed upon]. Narrated 'Umar (RA): He (ﷺ) used to say, "How perfect You are O Allah, and Praise is for You, Blessed is Your Name and Exalted is Your Majesty and there is nothing which deserves to be worshipped besides You." [Reported by Muslim with a Munqati' (broken) chain. And in the version of ad-Daraqutni, it is Mawsul (unbroken chain), and it is Mawquf (saying of a companion ('Umar)]. Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (RA) narrated a similar report Marfu' [reaching back to the Prophet (ﷺ)] collected by al-Khamsah. Containing the words: He (ﷺ) used to say after the (opening) Takbir (for prayer), "I seek refuge in Allah, the All-Hearing and the All-Knowing from the accursed devil, from his madness or evil suggestion (Hamz), from his puffing up (Nafkh), and from his witchcraft (Nafth)." Narrated 'Aishah (RA) Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to begin the Salat (prayer) with Takbir (Allahu Akbar - Allah is the Most Great) and the recitation with Alhamdu lillahi Rabbil' alamin (praise is to Allah, the Rabb of the universe)." And when he bowed down, he neither kept his head up nor bent it down, but kept it between that (two positions). When he raised his head from the bowing position, he did not prostrate till he had stood erect; and when he raised his head after a prostration, he did not prostrate again till he had sat up. And at the end of every two Rak'ah he said the Tahiyyah, and he used to sit on his left foot and position he right one vertically, and he prohibited the devil's way of sitting on the buttocks. He forbade people to spread out their arms like a wild beast. And he used to finish the prayer with the Taslim (i.e. saying As-Salamu 'alaikum). [Reported by Muslim and it has an 'illa (defect)]. Narrated Ibn 'Umar (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) used to raise his hands parallel to his shoulders when he started the prayer (by saying Allahu Akbar), when he uttered the Takbir to bow and when he raised his head from the Ruku' (bowing posture). [Agreed upon]. Abu Dawud reported a Hadith narrated by Abu Humaid (RA) to the effect that he [Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)] used to raise his hands and bring them parallel to his shoulders, and then utter the Takbir. Muslim has a Hadith narrated by Malik bin Huwairith (ﷺ) similar to the Hadith narrated by Ibn 'Umar (RA). But he (Malik bin Huwairith) mentioned: "He [the Prophet (ﷺ)] raised his hands parallel to the end of his ears." Narrated Wa'il bin Hujr (RA): I prayed with the Prophet (ﷺ) and he put his right hand on his left (and then placed them) on his chest. [Reported by Ibn Khuzaimah]. Narrated 'Ubada bin As-Samit (ﷺ): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "There is no Salat (prayer) for him who does not recite Ummul-Qur'an (Surat al-Fatiha)". (Agreed upon]. In the narration of Ibn Hibban and ad-Daraqutni is mentioned: "The Salat (prayer) is not complete if one does not recite (Surat) Fatiha al-Kitab." And in another narration of Ahmad, Abu Dawud, at-Tirmidhi, and Ibn Hibban is: "Perhaps you recite behind your Imam?" We replied, "Yes." He [the Prophet (ﷺ)] said, "Do not do so except when it is (Surat) Fatiha al-Kitab, for the Salat (prayer) of the one who does not recite it, is not accepted." Narrated Anas (RA): "The Prophet (ﷺ), Abu Bakr and 'Umar used to begin the Salat (prayer) with Al-hamdu lillahi Rabbil-'alamin." [Agreed upon]. And Muslim added: "They would not recite Bismillahir-Rahmanir-Rahim, neither in the beginning of the recitation nor at the end of it." In another narration from Ahmad, an-Nasa'i and Ibn Khuzaimah: "They never used to recite Bismillahir-Rahmanir-Rahim aloud." And in another report from Ibn Khuzaimah: "They used to recite Bismillahir-Rahmanir-Rahim silently." The negation (of recitation of the Bismillah) in the report of Muslim can be understood in light of this report (i.e. it was recited silently), as opposed to those who declared Muslim's report as being defective. Narrated Nu'aim Mujmir (RA): "I prayed behind Abu Hurairah (RA) and he recited Bismillahir-Rahmanir-Rahim, and then recited Umm-ul-Qur'an (Al-Fatiha) and when he reached walad-dallin, he said Amin; and then said Allahu Akbar, when he prostrated and when he stood up from his sitting position. And when he uttered the Taslim (i.e. As-Salamu 'Alaikum), he said, "I swear by the One (i.e. Allah) in Whose Hand my soul is, my Salat (prayer) resembles most that of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) than that of anyone among you." [Reported by an-Nasa'i and lbn Khuzaimah]. Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Whenever you recite Surat Al-Fatiha, recite Bismillahir-Rahmanir-Rahim, for it is one of its Ayat (Verses)." [Reported by ad-Daraqutni who verified it as Mawquf - the saying of Abu Hurairah (RA)]. Narrated [Abu Hurairah (RA)]: When Allah's Messenger (RA) completed the recitation of Surat Al-Fatiha, he raised his voice and said Amin. [Reported by ad-Daraqutni who graded it Hasan (good) and Al-Hakim who graded it Sahih (authentic)). The narrations of Abu Dawud and at-Tirmidhi from the Hadith of Wa'il bin Hujr (RA) are similar to this one. Narrated 'Abdullah bin Abi Aufa (RA): A man came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said, "I cannot memorize anything from the Qur'an, so teach me something which can be a substitute for me." He said, "Say Subhan Allah (Allah is Free of Imperfections) walhamdu lillah (and praise is to Allah), wa la ilaha illa-Allah (and there is nothing worthy of worship except Allah), wallahu akbar (and Allah is the Most Great), wa la hawla wa la quwwata illa billah al-'Ali al-'Adheem (and there is no might and no strength but in Allah, the Most High, the Supreme)" [Reported by Ahmad, Abu Dawud and An-Nasa'i; and Ibn Hibban, ad-Daraqutni and Al-Hakim graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated Abu Qatadah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to lead us in prayer and recite in the first two Rak'a of the Zuhr and 'Asr prayers Surat Al-Fatiha and two (other) Surah. And he would sometimes recite loud enough for us to hear the Verses. He would prolong the first Rak'a, and would recite in the last two Rak'a Surat Al-Fatiha (only). [Agreed upon]. Narrated Abu Sa'id Al-Khudri (RA): We used to estimate the length of the standing position of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) in the Zuhr and 'Asr prayers, and we estimated that he stood in the first two Rak'a of the Zuhr prayer as long as it takes to recite Alif-Lam-Mim, Tanzil (Surat As-Sajdah) and in the last two Rak'a, half the time of that. And in the first two Rak'a of 'Asr, he used to stand as long as the last two of the Zuhr. And the last two Rak'a of 'Asr used to be of about half the time of the first two." [Reported by Muslim). Narrated Sulaiman bin Yasar: So-and-so used to prolong the first two Rak'a of the Zuhr prayer and shorten the 'Asr prayer, and recite the short Surah of Mufassal at Maghrib prayer, its medium Surah at the 'Isha' prayer, and its long ones at the Fajr prayer. Then Abu Hurairah (RA) said: "I never prayed behind anyone whose prayer more closely resembles that of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) than this person." [Reported by an-Nasa'i with a Sahih (authentic) Isnad]. Narrated Jubair bin Mut'im (RA): I heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) reciting at-Tur (the Mountain - Surat No. 52) in the Maghrib (sunset) prayer. [Agreed upon). Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to recite during the Fajr prayer of Friday Alif-Lam-Mim, Tanzil... (as-Sajdab - Surat no. 32) and Hal ata 'alal-Insani... (al-Insan - Surat no. 76), which is also called Surat ad-Dahr). [Agreed upon]. at-Tabarani narrated the Hadith of Ibn Mas'ud which has the addition "... he [the Prophet (ﷺ)] did that constantly." Narrated Hudhaifah (RA): I prayed with the Prophet (ﷺ) and (noticed that) whenever he came to a verse which spoke of mercy, he stopped and made supplication, and whenever he came to a verse which spoke of punishment, he stopped and sought refuge in Allah against it." [Reported by Al-Khamsah, and at-Tirmidhi graded it Hasan (good)]. Narrated Ibn 'Abbas (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "I have been forbidden to recite the Qur'an while bowing or prostrating; so while in the bowing (position) glorify (the Perfection of) the Rabb (Lord), and while in the prostrating (position) be earnest in supplication, for it is fitting that your supplications may be answered." [Reported by Muslim]. Narrated 'Aishah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to say while bowing and prostrating Subhanaka Allahumma Rabbana wa bihamdika, Allahumma ighfir li (How Perfect You are, O Allah, Our Rabb, and praise is to You, O Allah, forgive me)." [Agreed upon]. Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA): When Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) got up to pray, he would say the Takbir when standing up, then would say the Takbir when bowing, then he would say Sami'Allahu liman hamidah (Allah listens to him who praises Him) when rising up from the bowing position, then he would say while standing Rabbana wa lakal-hamd (our Rabb, the praise is Yours), then he would say the Takbir when going down for prostration, then when raising his head up, then when he prostrated again, then when raising his head up. He would then do that throughout the whole Salat (prayer) and he would say the Takbir when he got up - at the end of two Rak'a - from the sitting position." [Agreed upon]. Narrated Abu Sa'id Al-Khudri (RA) Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to say while raising his head after bowing: "Allahumma Rabbana lakal-hamdu mil'as-samawati wal-ardi, wa mil'a ma shi'ta min shai'in ba'du, ahlaththana'i wal-majdi, ahaqqu ma qal-al'abdu, wa kulluna laka 'abdun. Allahumma la mani'a lima a'taita, wa la mu'tiya lima man'ata, wa la yanfa'u dhal-jaddi minka-l-jaddu (O Allah, our Rabb (Lord), to You is praise in all the heavens and all the earth, and all that You Will (to create) afterwards, O You, Who are worthy of praise and glory, the most worthy of what a slave says - and we are all Your slaves: no one can withhold what You give, or give what You withhold, and riches cannot avail a wealthy person against You." [Reported by Muslim]. Narrated Ibn 'Abbas (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "I have been commanded to prostrate on seven bones; on the forehead - and he pointed at his nose, the hands (the palms), the knees and the tips (toes) of the feet." [Agreed upon]. Narrated Ibn Buhainah (RA): When the Prophet (ﷺ) prostrated while praying, he used to spread out his arms so that the whiteness of his armpits would be visible. [Agreed upon]. Narrated Al-Bara' bin 'Azib (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "When you prostrate, place the palms of your hands on the ground and raise your elbows." [Reported by Muslim). Narrated Wa'il bin Hujr (RA): Whenever the Prophet (ﷺ) bowed, he would spread out his fingers and when he prostrated he would bring his fingers together. [Reported by al-Hakim). Narrated 'Aishah (RA): I saw Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) praying while he sat cross-legged. [Reported by an-Nasa'i, and Ibn Khuzaimah graded it Sahib (authentic)]. Narrated Ibn 'Abbas (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) used to say between the two prostrations: "Allahumma ighfir li, warhamni, wahdini, wa 'afini, warzuqni (O Allah, forgive me, have mercy on me, guide me, grant me health and well-being, and provide sustenance for me)." [Reported by al-Arba'a except An-Nasa'i, and this is the wording of Abu Dawud. Al-Hakim graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated Malik bin Al-Huwairith (RA): He saw the Prophet (ﷺ) praying and when he had prayed an odd number of Rak'a, he did not stand up till he had sat up properly. [Reported by al-Bukhari]. Narrated Anas bin Malik (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) recited Qunut (supplication in the prayer) for one month after (rising up from the) bowing (position), invoking curse on some Arab tribes. Afterwards, he gave it up. [Agreed upon]. Ahmad and ad-Daraqutni narrated something similar, adding that he (ﷺ) continued to recite Qunut (supplication in prayer) in the Fajr prayer till he separated from this world. Narrated [Anas (RA)]: The Prophet (ﷺ) never used to supplicate [i.e. Qunut in the prayer) except when he prayed for a people or when he prayed against a people. [Ibn Khuzaimah graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated Sa'd bin Tariq al-Ashja'i (RA): I said to my father, "You have prayed behind Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), Abu Bakr, 'Umar, Uthman, and 'Ali. Did they supplicate (with Qunut while standing) in the Fajr prayer?" He replied, "O my son, it is an innovation." [Reported by Al-Khamsah, except Abu Dawud]. Narrated al-Hasan bin 'Ali (ﷺ): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) taught me some words to say when standing in supplication during the Witr, they were: "O Allah, guide me among those You have guided, grant me well-being among those You have granted well-being, take me into Your charge among those You have taken into Your charge, bless me in what You have given, guard me from the evil of what You have decreed, for You decree and none can decree over You. He whom You befriend is not humbled. Blessed and Exalted are You, our Rabb (Lord)." [Reported by Al-Khamsah]. at-Tabarani and al-Baihaqi added: "He whom You hold as enemy is not honoured." an-Nasa'i reported through another chain of narrators, adding at its end: "May Allah the Most High send His Salat on the Prophet (praising him in the highest assemblies of the angels)." Narrated Ibn 'Abbas (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to teach us a supplication to say in the Qunut of the morning prayer. [al-Baihaqi reported it and there is a weakness in its chain of narrators]. Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "When one of you prostrates, he should not kneel in the manner of a camel, but should put down his hands before his knees." [Reported by ath-Thalathah].This Hadith is more authentic than the Hadith narrated by Wa'il bin Hujr (RA). I saw the Prophet (ﷺ) placing his knees (on the ground) before his hands when he prostrated. [Reported by al-Arba'ah]. The first Hadith has a Shahid (supporting evidence) in the Hadith of Ibn 'Umar (RA) (coming next), which is authenticated by Ibn Khuzaimah. al-Bukhari mentioned it as a Hadith Mu'allaq (missing links from the side of the Haditb collector) and Mawquf (saying of a companion). Narrated Ibn 'Umar (RA): When Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) sat for at-Tashahhud, he placed his left hand on his left knee, and his right hand on his right knee, folded its fingers and pointed with his right index finger. [Reported by Muslim]. In another narration of Muslim: 'and he clenched all his (right hand) fingers and pointed with the index finger.' Narrated 'Abdullah bin Mas'ud (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) looked at us and said, "When one of you is (sitting) in prayer, he should say, 'All services reported by words, by prayers (acts of worship), and all good things are due to Allah, peace be upon you, O Prophet, and Allah's mercy and blessings, peace be upon us and upon Allah's upright slaves. I testify that nothing deserves to be worshipped except Allah and I testify that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger.' Then he may choose any supplication which pleases him most and recite it." [Agreed upon, and this wording is from al-Bukhari]. In the narration of an-Nasa'i: 'We used to say before at-Tashahhud become obligatory on us'. And in the narration of Ahmad: 'The Prophet (ﷺ) taught him at-Tashahhud and ordered him to teach it to the people.' In Muslim's narration from Ibn 'Abbas (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to teach us at-Tashahhud: "All services expressed by words, increase in good, acts of worship and all good things are due to Allah ... " till the end. Narrated Fadalah bin 'Ubaid (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) heard a man supplicating during his prayer. He did not praise Allah, nor did he invoke blessings on the Prophet (ﷺ). He (ﷺ) said, "He made haste." He then called him and said, "When any of you prays, he should begin with the glorification of his Rabb (Lord) and praise Him; he should then invoke blessings on the Prophet (ﷺ); thereafter he should supplicate Allah for anything he wishes." [Ahmad and ath-Thalathah reported it; a-Tirmidhi, Ibn Hibban and al-Hakim graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated Abu Mas'ud Al-Ansari (RA): Bashir bin Sa'd said, "Allah has commanded us to invoke blessings on you, O Messenger of Allah! But how should we bless you?" Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) kept quiet (a while) and then said, "Say: 'O Allah, bless Muhammad and the members of his family as You have blessed Ibrahim, and grant favours to Muhammad and the members of his family as You have granted favours to Ibrahim. In the worlds You are indeed Praiseworthy and Glorious.' And the Taslim is as you know. [Reported by Muslim]. Ibn Khuzaimah added to it: "How should we invoke blessings on you, whenever we invoke blessing on you in our prayers?" Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "When one of you finishes the (last) Tashahhud, he should seek refuge in Allah from four things by saying: 'O Allah I seek refuge in You against the punishment of Jahannam (Hell-fire), the punishment of the grave, the trial of life and death and the evil of the trial of Masih ad-Dajjal (Antichrist)."' [Agreed upon]. In the narration of Muslim: "When any of you finishes the last Tashahhud." Narrated Abu Bakr as-Siddiq (RA): He said to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), "Teach me a supplication to use in my prayer." He (ﷺ) said: "Say: O Allah, I have greatly wronged myself, and no one forgives sins except You, so grant me forgiveness from You and have mercy on me, You are the Forgiving and the Merciful One." [Agreed upon]. Narrated Wa'il bin Hujr (RA): I prayed with the Prophet (ﷺ) and he would give the Taslim (salutation) to his right side (saying), "Peace be upon you and the mercy and blessings of Allah"; and to his left side (saying), "Peace be upon you and mercy and the blessings of Allah." [Reported by Abu Dawud, with a Sahih (authentic) chain]. Narrated al-Mughira bin Shu'bah (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) used to say after every obligatory prayer: "There is nothing worthy of worship except Allah Alone, Who has no partner. To Him belongs the kingdom, to Him praise is due, and He has power over every thing. O Allah no one can withhold what You have given, or give what You have withheld and riches cannot avail a wealthy person against You." [Agreed upon]. Narrated Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to seek Allah's protection by invoking this supplication (Du'a) at the end of every Salat (prayer): "O Allah, I seek refuge in You from stinginess, I seek refuge in You from cowardice, I seek refuge in You from old age (and senility), I seek refuge in You from the temptation of the world and I seek refuge in You from the punishment in the grave." [Reported by al-Bukhari]. Narrated Thauban (RA): Whenever Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) finished his prayer, he used to say after asking Allah's forgiveness three times: "O Allah, You are as-Salam (One Free from every defect), and as-Salam (safety from every evil) is (sought) from You. Blessed are You, O Possessor of glory and honour." [Reported by Muslim]. Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA) Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Whoever glorifies Allah (by saying Subhan-Allah) after every Salat (prayer) thirty-three times, and praises Allah (by saying Alhamdu-lillah) thirty-three times, and exalts Allah (by saying Allahu Akbar) thirty-three times, those are ninety-nine in all, and says to complete a hundred: La ilaha ill-Allahu, wahdahu la sharika lahu, lahul-mulku wa lahulhamdu, wa Huwa 'ala kulli shai'in Qadir (There is nothing which deserves to be worshipped except Allah Alone Who has no partner; to Him belongs the kingdom, to Him praise is due, and He has power over everything), his sins will be forgiven, even if they are as abundant as the foam of the sea." [Reported by Muslim]. In another narration it is mentioned: "at-Takbir (Allah is the Most Great) is thirty-four times." Narrated Mu'adh bin Jabal (RA) Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) told me, "O Mu'adh, I will give you some advice - Never leave the recitation of this supplication after every prayer: 'O Allah, help me to remember You, thank You, and worship You perfectly.'" [Ahmad, Abu Dawud and an-Nasa'i reported it through a strong chain of narrators]. Narrated Abu Umamah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Whoever recites Ayat al-Kursi at the end of every obligatory prayer, nothing but death will prevent him from entering Paradise." [An-Nasa'i reported it, and Ibn Hibban graded it Sahih (authentic). at-Tabarani has the addition: "Say [O Muhammad (ﷺ)]: "He is Allah, (the) One. (Surat al-lkhlas - Surat No. 112) Narrated Malik bin Al-Huwairith (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Pray as you have seen me praying." [Reported by al-Bukhari]. Narrated 'Imran bin Husain (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Pray standing and if you are unable, pray sitting and if you cannot, pray lying on your side, [otherwise pray by signs]." [Reported by al-Bukhari, (without the final words)]. Narrated Jabir (RA): The saying of the Prophet (ﷺ) to a sick person who prayed on a cushion: The Prophet (ﷺ) threw it away and said, "Pray on the ground, if you are able to do so; otherwise, pray by gesturing signs and make your prostration lower than your bowing." [al-Baihaqi reported it through a strong chain of narrators, but Abu Hatim regarded it as Mauquf (saying of a Companion)]. Narrated 'Abdullah bin Buhainah (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) led them in the Zuhr prayer, and when he stood up at the end of the first two Rak'at and did not sit, the people stood up with him. When he finished the Salat (prayer) and the people expected him to do the Taslim (salutation), he uttered the Takbir while sitting and made two prostrations before saying the Taslim (salutation), then he uttered the Taslim (salutation). [Reported by as-Sab'ah and this is al-Bukhari's wording]. In the narration of Muslim it is mentioned that, "He (ﷺ) uttered the Takbir for each prostration while sitting and the people prostrated with him to make up for the sitting he had forgotten." Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) led us in two Rak'at of one of the two, Zuhr or 'Asr prayers, and said the Taslim (salutation). He then got up and went towards a piece of wood which was at the front part of the mosque and placed his hands upon it. Abu Bakr and 'Umar were among the people, but they were afraid to speak to him. Then some of the hasty type of people came out and said, "Has the Salat (prayer) been shortened?" A man whom the Prophet (ﷺ) called Dhul Yadain (the long armed) asked: "Have you forgotten, O Allah's Messenger or has the prayer been shortened?" He said, "I have neither forgotten nor has it been shortened." He said, "Indeed you have forgotten." He [the Prophet (ﷺ)] then prayed the remaining two Rak'at, then said the Taslim (salutation). He then uttered the Takbir and prostrated similar to his normal prostration or longer, then raised up his head and uttered the Takbir. He then prostrated and uttered the Takbir, and the prostration was similar to his normal prostration or longer. He then raised his head and uttered the Takbir. [Agreed upon, and it is al-Bukhari's wording]. And in the narration of Muslim: "'Asr prayer". And in Abu Dawud: "He said, 'Has Dhul-Yadain spoken the truth?' Then they said 'Yes' with gesture". This is found in Sahihain, but with the word "Fa qalu". And in another narration: "and he did not prostrate till Allah made him certain of this (i.e. as-Sahw)." Narrated 'Imran bin Husain (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) led them [the Companions (RA)] in prayer and forgot (something). He then made two prostrations and then said the Tashahhud and uttered the Taslim (salutation). [Reported by Abu Dawud, and at-Tirmidhi who graded it Hasan (good), and al-Hakim who graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "When anyone of you is in doubt about his Salat (prayer) and does not know how many he has prayed, three or four (Rak'at) he should cast aside his doubt and base his prayer on what he is sure of. Then, he should perform two prostrations before Taslim (salutation). If he has prayed five Rak'at, they will make his Salat (prayer) an even number for him and if he has prayed exactly four, they (i.e. two prostrations) will be humiliation for the devil." [Reported by Muslim]. Narrated Ibn Mas'ud (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) offered prayer and when he said Taslim (salutation), he was asked, "O Allah's Messenger! Has something new happened to the Salat (prayer)?" He asked, "What is that?" They said, "You have prayed so many and so many (Rak'at)." He [Ibn Mas'ud (RA)] said, "He then bent his legs, faced the Qiblab, and made two prostrations and then said the Taslim (salutations). Then he faced us and said, "If something new is introduced to the Salat (prayer), I shall inform you but I am a human being like you, I forget just as you forget; so if I forget remind me and if any of you is in doubt about his Salat (prayer) he should act upon what he thinks is correct and complete his prayer in that respect and then he should make two prostrations." [Agreed upon]. And in the narration of al-Bukhari: 'he should complete (the prayer) then he should say Taslim and then perform the prostration'. And in the narration of Muslim: 'the Prophet (ﷺ) performed two Sajdatus-Sabw after Taslim and talking'. In the narration of Ahmad, Abu Dawud and an-Nasa'i from the Hadith of 'Abdullah bin Ja'far (RA) Marfu' [attributed to the Prophet(ﷺ)]: 'Whoever doubts about his Salat (prayer), should make two prostrations after the Taslim (salutations).' [Ibn Khuzaimah graded it Sahib (authentic)]. Narrated al-Mughira bin Shu'ba (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "When one of you doubts and stands at the end of two Rak'at, if he remembers while having stood up completely he should continue and should not return (to the sitting position) and he should make two prostrations, but if he did not stand up straight he should sit down and there is no forgetfulness (prostration) upon him." [Reported Abu Dawud, Ibn Majah, and ad-Daraqutni, with a weak Sanad (chain); the wording is ad-Daraqutni's]. Narrated 'Umar (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) said: "There is no (prostrations of) forgetfulness for one who is led (in prayer) by an Imam, but when the Imam forgets, both should then make prostrations due to forgetfulness." [al-Bazzar and al-Baihaqi reported it through a weak chain of narrators]. Narrated Thawban (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) said: "There are two prostrations after the Taslim (salutation) for each forgetfulness." [Abu Dawud and Ibn Majah reported it through a weak chain of narrators]. Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA): We prostrated with Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) (as he recited these Surah) "When the heaven split asunder" (Surah 84) and "Read in the Name of your Lord" (Surah 96). [Reported by Muslim). Narrated Ibn 'Abbas (RA): A prostration while reciting Surat Sad (Surah 38) is not one of the 'Azaa'im (those which are always required), but I have seen Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) prostrating while reciting it. [Reported by al-Bukhari]. Narrated [Ibn 'Abbas (RA)]: The Prophet (ﷺ) prostrated in Surat an-Najm (Chapter 53). [Reported by al-Bukhari]. Narrated Zaid bin Thabit (RA): I recited to the Prophet (ﷺ) "an-Najm" (Surah 53) but he did not prostrate in it. [Agreed upon). Narrated Khalid bin Ma'dan (RA): Surat al-Hajj has been distinguished by two prostrations. [Abu Dawud reported it among al-Marasil (a broken chain after the Tabi'i)]. Ahmad and at-Tirmidhi reported the above Hadith through a full chain of narrators from 'Uqba bin 'Aamir. It has the addition: "If anyone does not make two prostrations (when reciting Surat Al-Hajj), he should not recite it." [The chain of this Haditb is Da'if (weak)]. Narrated 'Umar (RA): He said, "O people! We pass (in our recitation) verses to be prostrated at, so whoever prostrates has done the right thing, and there is no sin upon the one who does not prostrate." [al-Bukhari reported it]. It also contains the words: 'Allah the Most High has not made the prostration (of recitation) compulsory, unless one wishes (to do so).' [This Hadith is in the Muwatta' of Imam Malik). Narrated Ibn 'Umar (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) used to recite the Qur'an to us, and when he came to a place where a prostration should be made, he uttered the Takbir and prostrated and we prostrated with him. [Reported by Abu Dawud through a chain containing some weakness]. Narrated Abu Bakra (RA): Whenever the Prophet (ﷺ) received a matter which pleased him he used to prostrate to Allah [out of thankfulness]. [Reported by al-Khamsa except an-Nasa'i]. Narrated 'Abdur-Rahman bin 'Auf (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) prostrated and prolonged the Sajda, he then raised his head and said, "Jibrael (Gabriel) had come and given me glad tidings, thereafter I prostrated in gratitude to Allah." [Ahmad reported it and al-Hakim graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated Al-Bara' bin 'Azib (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) sent 'Ali to Yemen. The narrator mentioned the complete Hadith. He said, "Ali sent a letter regarding their (the people of Yemen) acceptance of Islam. When Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) read the letter, he prostrated in gratitude to Allah the Most High for that." [Reported by al-Baihaqi]. And its basic meaning is found in Sahih al-Bukhari. Narrated Rabi'ah bin Ka'b al-Aslami (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) said to me, "Ask." I said, "I ask your company in Paradise." He replied, "Or something else?" I said, "That is it (i.e. that is what I desire)." He said, "Then help me to achieve this for you by devoting yourself often to prostration." [Reported by Muslim]. Narrated Ibn 'Umar (RA): I memorized from the Prophet (ﷺ) ten (voluntary) Rak'at - two Rak'at before the Zuhr prayer and two after it; two Rak'at after Magbrib prayer in his house, and two Rak'at after 'Isha' prayer in his house, and two Rak'at before the Fajr prayer. [Agreed upon]. Another narration of both (al-Bukhari and Muslim) has: 'two Rak'at after Jumu'ah prayer in his house.' Muslim has: 'He never prayed after the break of dawn except two light Rak'at.' Narrated 'Aishah (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) never left four Rak'at before the Zuhr prayer, and two Rak'at before the Fajr prayer. [Reported by al-Bukhari]. Narrated ['Aishah (RA)]: The Prophet (ﷺ) was more particular about offering the two (optional) Rak'at at dawn than he was about offering any of the other optional prayers. [Agreed upon]. Muslim has: "The two Rak'at at dawn are better than this world and what it contains." Narrated Umm Habibah (RA) the Mother of the Believers: She heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) say, "Whoever prays twelve (voluntary) Rak'at in a day and a night, a house will be built for him in Paradise due to them (the Rak'at)." [Reported by Muslim]. In another narration, it is mentioned: "Voluntarily". at-Tirmidhi reported it similarly and added: "four Rak'at before Zuhr and two Rak'at after it and two Ra'kat after Maghrib and two after 'Isha' and two Rak'at before the Fajr prayer." And in the narration of al-Khamsah, by her [Umm Habibah (RA)]: "Whoever prays regularly four Rak'at before and four Rak'at after the Zuhr prayer, Allah will forbid for him (from entering) the Hellfire." Narrated Ibn 'Umar (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "May Allah mercy on a person who prays four Rak'at before the 'Asr prayer. " [Reported by Ahmad, Abu Da'ud and at-Tirmidhi and the latter graded it Hasan (good). Also reported by Ibn Khuzaimah who graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated 'Abdullah bin Mughaffal al-Muzani (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) said: "Pray before Maghrib, pray before Maghrib" then he said at the third time, "Whoever wishes (to)". He said so, because he did not like the people to take it as a Sunnah. [Reported by al-Bukhari]. And in the narration of Ibn Hibban: "The Prophet (ﷺ) prayed two Rak'at before the Maghrib (prayer)." Muslim has reported from Anas (RA) that he said, "We used to pray two Rak'at after sunset and the Prophet (ﷺ) used to see us, but he neither commanded nor forbade us." Narrated 'Aishah (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) used to make the two (voluntary) Rak'at before the Fajr prayer so short that I would wonder whether he recited al-Fatiha (or not). [Agreed upon]. Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) recited Surat al-Kafirun, and Surat al-Ikhlas in the two (voluntary) Rak'at of the Fajr (prayer). [Reported by Muslim]. Narrated 'Aishah (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) used to lie down on his right side, after praying the two (voluntary) Rak'at of the Fajr (prayer). [Reported by al-Bukhari]. Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "If any of you prays the two Rak'at before the dawn prayer, he should lie on his right side." [Reported by Ahmad, Abu Dawud and at-Tirmidhi, the latter graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated Ibn 'Umar (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "The (voluntary) night prayers are two Rak'at, two Rak'at (in pairs), and if one fears that the dawn prayer is due, he should then offer one Rak'at which will make what he has prayed an odd number." [Agreed upon). The Khamsah reported it - graded Sahib (authentic) by Ibn Hibban - with the wording: "the (voluntary) day and night prayers are two Rak'at, two Rak'at (in pairs)." an-Nasa'i said, "This is a mistake." Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "The most excellent prayer after that which is obligatory is the (voluntary) late night prayer." [Reported by Muslim]. Narrated Abu Ayub al-Ansari (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "al-Witr prayer is a duty upon every Muslim, so whoever likes to offer it with five Rak'at let him do so and whoever likes to offer it with three let him do so, and whoever likes to offer it with one let him do so." [Reported by al-Arba'ah except at-Tirmidhi. And Ibn Hibban graded it Sahib (authentic) and an-Nasa'i held that the stronger view is that it is Mawquf (saying of a companion)]. Narrated 'Ali bin Abu Talib (RA): The Witr prayer is not obligatory as the prescribed prayer is [i.e. the five daily prayers], but it is a Sunnah which was established by the practice of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ). [at-Tirmidhi and an-Nasa'i reported it, who graded it Hasan (good). al-Hakim graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated Jabir (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) prayed during the month of Ramadan. Then they (the Sahabah) waited for him on the following night, but he did not come out and he said, "I feared that the Witr (prayer) might be prescribed for you." [Reported by Ibn Hibban]. Narrated Kharijah bin Hudhaifah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Allah the Exalted has given you an extra prayer which is better for you than the red camels (high breed camels)." We asked, "What is it O Allah's Messenger." He said, "The Witr between the 'Isha' prayer and up till the break of dawn." [Reported by al-Khamsah except an-Nasa'i and al-Hakim graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Ahmad reported something similar to the above Hadith from 'Amr bin Shu'aib on the authority of his father who reported it on the authority of 'Amr's grandfather. Narrated 'Abdullah bin Buraidah (RA) from his father: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "The Witr is a duty, so he who does not offer it, is not one of us." [Reported by Abu Dawud with a Laiyin (weak) chain of narrators and Al-Hakim graded it Sahih (authentic)]. The above mentioned Hadith has a Shahid (supporting narration) which is weak, reported by Ahmad from Abu Hurairah (RA). Narrated 'Aishah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) did not offer more than eleven (voluntary) Rak'at during Ramadan nor during other than Ramadan. He offered four Rak'at - Do not ask about their beauty and length! (It is beyond description or imitation]. Again he would pray four Rak'at - Do not ask about their beauty and length! [It is beyond description or imitation]. Then he would pray three (Rak'at of Witr). 'Aishah (RA) said: "I said, O Allah's Messenger will you sleep before you pray Witr?" He said, "O 'Aishah my eyes sleep, but my heart does not sleep." [Agreed upon]. And in another narration of al-Bukhari and Muslim, ['Aishah (RA)] narrated: "He used to pray ten Rak'at (of prayer), and making it Witr by one Rak'at, and he used to pray the two (Sunnah) Rak'at of Fajr, so that it became thirteen Rak'at." Narrated ['Aishah (RA)]: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to pray thirteen Rak'at during the night, offering a Witr out of that with five and sitting only during the last of them. [Agreed upon]. Narrated ['Aishah (RA)]: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) offered Witr prayer (on different nights) at various hours, extending (from the 'Isha' prayer) up to the last hour of the night. [Agreed upon]. Narrated 'Abdullah bin 'Amr bin al-'Aas (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) told me, "O 'Abdullah! Do not be like so-and-so who used to be awake in the night for prayer and then gave it up." [Agreed upon]. Narrated 'Ali bin Abi Talib (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "O people of the Qur'an! Offer Witr (prayer), because Allah is Witr (One) and loves Witr." [Reported by al-Khamsah and Ibn Khuzaimah graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated Ibn 'Umar (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) said: "Make the last of your prayer at night Witr (an odd number)." [Agreed upon]. Narrated Talq bin 'Ali (RA): I heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) saying, "There are no two Witr (prayers) during one night." [Reported by Ahmad and ath-Thalathah and Ibn Hibban graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated Ubai bin Ka'b (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) recited in Witr prayer Surat al-A'la (in the first Rak'at), Surat al-Kafirun (in the second Rak'at) and Surat al-Ikhlas (in the third Rak'at). [Reported by Ahmad, Abu Dawud and an-Nasa'i]. The latter added, "And he did not say the Taslim (salutation) except in the last (Rak'at) of them." Abu Dawud and at-Tirmidhi report something similar from 'Aishah (RA) that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to recite a Surat in every Rak'at and in the last (third) Rak'at he would recite Qul Huwa Allahu Ahad (Surat al-Ikhlas) and al-Mu'awwidhatain. Narrated Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) said: "Offer Witr prayer before it is morning." [Reported by Muslim]. Ibn Hibban has: 'Whosoever reaches the dawn, and he did not offer Witr, then there is no Witr for him.' Narrated [Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (RA)]: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Whoever oversleeps and misses the Witr, or forgets it, should pray (when he awakens) in the moming or when he remembers." [Reported by al-Khamsah except an-Nasa'i]. Narrated Jabir (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "If anyone is afraid that he may not get up in the latter part of the night, he should offer Witr in the first part of it; and if anyone expects to get up in the last part of it, he should offer Witr at the end of the night, for prayer at the end of the night is witnessed (by the angels) and that is preferable." [Reported by Muslim]. Narrated Ibn 'Umar (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) said: "When the dawn breaks, then the time of all night prayers including the Witr is over, so observe the Witr before dawn." [Reported by at-Tirmidhi]. Narrated 'Aishah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to pray four Rak'at in Duha prayer and increase (the number of Rak'at) as much as Allah willed." [Reported by Muslim]. In another narration of Muslim from her: ['Aishah (RA)] was asked, "Did Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) use to offer the Duha prayer?" She replied, "No, unless he came back from a journey." In yet another narration of Muslim from her: ['Aishah (RA)] said, "I have never seen Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) offering Duha prayer, yet I offer it." Narrated Zaid bin Arqam (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "The prayer of those who are penitent is offered when the young weaned camels feel the heat of the sand." [Reported by at-Tirmidhi]. Narrated Anas (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Whoever prays twelve Rak'at of Duha, Allah will build a castle for him in Paradise." [Reported by at-Tirmidhi who graded it Gharib (reported by a single narrator)]. Narrated 'Aishah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) entered my house and prayed eight Rak'at of Duha prayer. [Reported by Ibn Hibban in his Sahih]. Narrated 'Abdullah bin 'Umar (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "The prayer offered in congregation is twenty-seven degrees more rewardable than a prayer offered by a single person." [Agreed upon]. Both al-Bukhari and Muslim have also reported through Abu Hurairah (RA): "Twenty-five degrees (more)." Likewise, al-Bukhari reported from Abu Sa'id al-Khudri: "He (ﷺ) said (the word) Daraja (degree)." Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "By Him in Whose Hand my soul is, I have thought of giving orders for fuel wood to be gathered, then giving orders for Salat (prayer) and having the Adhan called, then ordering a man to lead the people (in prayer), then going off to some people (men) who are not present at the prayer and burning down their houses upon them. By Him in Whose Hand my soul is, if one of them knew he would find a fat meaty bone or two fine sheep hooves he would attend the 'Isha' (evening prayer)." [Agreed upon, and the wording is that of al-Bukhari]. Narrated [Abu Hurairah (RA)]: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "The most burdensome prayers for hypocrites are the 'Isha' and the Fajr prayers and if they knew what (rewards) these (prayers) contain, they would have come to them (in the mosques), even though they had to crawl on their knees." [Agreed upon]. Narrated [Abu Hurairah (RA)]: A blind man came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said, "O Messenger of Allah, I have no guide to take me to the mosque." He [the Prophet (ﷺ)] therefore permitted him (to pray at his house), then when the man turned away the Prophet (ﷺ) called him and asked, "Can you hear the Adhan (call) for prayer?" He answered, "Yes". He [the Prophet (ﷺ)] said, "Then respond to it." [Reported by Muslim]. Narrated Ibn 'Abbas (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Whoever hears the call for prayer and and does not come (to the mosque for prayer), his prayer will not be accepted from him, unless he has a (legitimate) excuse." [Reported by Ibn Majah, ad-Daraqutni, Ibn Hibban and al-Hakim. Its chain of narration meets Muslim's conditions, but some Hadith scholars held that the stronger view is that it is Mawquf (saying of a Companion)]. Narrated Yazid bin al-Aswad (RA): He offered the morning prayer with Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and when Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) finished his prayer, he saw two men who had not prayed with him. He ordered them to be brought and they were brought trembling with fear. He asked them what had prevented you from praying with us?" They said, "We had already prayed at our homes." He said, "Don't do so! If you pray at your homes and then you come while the Imam has not yet performed the prayer, you must pray with him, and it will be a voluntary prayer for you." [Reported by Ahmad - with his wording - and ath-Thalathah. at-Tirmidhi and Ibn Hibban graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA) : Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "The Imam has been appointed to be followed (in the congregational prayers). So, when he utters the Takbir, utter the Takbir too, and do not utter the Takbir until he utters it. When he bows, you should bow, and do not bow until he bows. When he says, "Allah listens to him who praises him," say, "O Allah, our Rabb, to you is the praise." When he prostrates, you prostrate; and do not prostrate until he prostrates. If he prays standing, pray standing, and if he prays sitting, all of you pray sitting." [Reported by Abu Dawud and the wording is his]. And its basic meaning is in the Sahihain (of al-Bukhari and Muslim)]. Narrated Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (RA): When Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) saw a tendency among his Companions of going to the back he said, "Come forward and follow my lead and let those behind you follow you." [Reported by Muslim]. Narrated Zaid bin Thabit (RA): Allah's (ﷺ) made a small room of a mat (i.e. he used it to designate a space for prayer) and prayed inside it. The people followed him, and they came to pray behind him. The narrator mentioned the rest of the Hadith, and it contains the words: "The most excellent prayer of a person is (that which he prays) in his house except that which is prescribed (the five congregational prayers)." [Agreed upon]. Narrated Jabir (RA): Mu'adh bin Jabal (RA) led his companions in the al-'Isha (night prayer) and prolonged it for them. Upon this the Prophet (ﷺ) said to him, "O Mu'adh, do you want to become a Fattan? When you lead people in prayers, recite ash-Shamsi wa duhaha (Surat 91), Sabbihisma Rabbikal-A'la (Surat 87), Iqra' Bismi Rabbika (Surat 96) and Wal-Laili idha yaghsha (Surat 92)." [Agreed upon. And the wording is from Muslim]. Narrated 'Aishah (RA) regarding Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) leading the people in Salat (prayer) during his illness. She said, "He came and sat on the left side of Abu Bakr (RA). So he (ﷺ) was leading the people in prayer while sitting and Abu Bakr standing. Abu Bakr was following the prayer of the Prophet (ﷺ), and the people were following the prayer of Abu Bakr." [Agreed upon]. Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) said: "When one of you leads the people in prayer he should be brief, for among them are the young and the old, the weak and those who have needs to attend to. But if he prays by himself he may pray as he wishes." [Agreed upon]. Narrated 'Amr bin Salimah (RA): My father said, "I have come from the true Prophet (ﷺ), so when the time of Salat (prayer) comes one of you should announce the Adhan and the one of you who knows the Qur'an most should be your Imam." He ('Amr) said: "They looked around and there was no one who knew the Qur'an more than I. So they put me forward in front of them and I was only six or seven years old." [Reported by al-Bukhari, Abu Dawud and an-Nasa'i]. Narrated Ibn Mas'ud (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "The one who knows [by recitation and memorization] the Book of Allah most should be the Imam of the people. If they are equal in the recitation, then the one who knows the Sunnah most and if they are equal in the Sunnah then the earliest of them to emigrate (to al-Madinah) and if they are equal in the emigration then the oldest among them in Islam. In another narration it has "agewise". And no man should lead another in prayer in his domain or sit in his place of honor without his permission." [Reported by Muslim]. Ibn Majah reported the following from Jabir's narration, "A woman is never to lead a man in prayer, neither a bedouin (desert Arab) to lead an emigrant, nor a sinner to lead a believer." [Its chain of narrators is Wahin (extremely weak)]. Narrated Anas (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Stand close together in your rows, bring them (the rows) near one another, and stand neck to neck (in straight lines)." [Reported by Abu Dawud and an-Nasa'i. And Ibn Hibban graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "The best of the men's rows is the first and the worst is the last; and the best of the women's rows is the last and the worst is the first." [Reported by Muslim]. Narrated Ibn 'Abbas (RA): "I prayed (the night Tahajjud prayer) with Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) one night and I stood on his left side, whereupon he took me by the back of my head and made me go round to his right side. [Agreed upon]. Narrated Anas (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) prayed and an orphan and I prayed behind him and Umm Sulaim (RA) was behind us. [Agreed upon and the wording is al-Bukhari's]. Narrated Abu Bakrah (RA): He reached the Prophet (ﷺ) while he was bowing, so he (Abu Bakrah) bowed before reaching the row. He mentioned that to the Prophet (ﷺ) and the Prophet (ﷺ) said to him, "May Allah increase your eagerness! But do not repeat." [Reported by al-Bukhari]. And Abu Dawud added: "He bowed before reaching the row then walked and joined the row." Narrated Wabisah bin Ma'bad: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) saw a man praying alone behind the row so he ordered him to repeat the Salat (prayer). [Reported by Ahmad, Abu Dawud and at-Tirmidhi. The latter graded it Hasan, and Ibn Hibban graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Ibn Hibban reported this from Talq [bin 'Ali (RA)]: "The prayer of a person who prays alone behind the row is not accepted. And at-Tabarani added to the narration of Wabisah, "Why did you not join them or pull back a man (to your position)?" Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) said: "If you hear the Iqamah, you must walk to the prayer (place) with tranquility and dignity, and do not hasten; and whatever portion of the prayer you get (along with the Imam) offer it, and complete afterwards whatever you missed. [Agreed upon, and the wording is al-Bukhari's). Narrated 'Ubai bin Ka'b (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "A man's prayer offered with another man is purer than his prayer which he offers alone, and his prayer with two men is purer than his prayer with one and if they are more (in number), it is more beloved to Allah, the Mighty the Majestic." [Reported by Abu Dawud and an-Nasa'i. And Ibn Hibban graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated Umm Waraqah: The Prophet (ﷺ) commanded her to lead the members of her household (in prayer). [Reported by Abu Dawud; Ibn Khuzaimah graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated Anas (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) appointed Ibn Umm Maktum (RA) to lead the people in prayer in his absence and he [Ibn Umm Maktum (RA)] was blind. [Reported by Ahmad and Abu Dawud]. Ibn Hibban also reported something similar from 'Aishah (RA). Narrated Ibn 'Umar (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Pray (funeral prayers) over him who said (believed): 'Nothing deserves to be worshiped except Allah'; and pray behind him who says: 'Nothing deserves to be worshiped except Allah'." [ad-Daraqutni reported it through a weak chain of narrators]. Narrated 'Ali bin Abi Talib (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "If one of you comes to Salat (prayer) and the Imam is at a certain position, he must do as the Imam is doing." [Reported by at-Tirmidhi with a weak chain of narrators]. Narrated 'Aishah (RA) that when the Salat (prayer) was first prescribed, it consisted of two Rak'at. Afterwards, the prayer during travelling was confirmed (as two Rak'at), while the prayer at the place of residence was completed (as four Rak'at). [Agreed upon]. al-Bukhari has: 'Then [(Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)] emigrated and it was prescribed as four, but prayer while travelling was left according to the original prescription (of two Rak'at).' Ahmad added, 'Except the Maghrib (prayer) for it is the Witr (prayer) of the day; and except the Fajr (prayer), since the recitation (of the Qur'an) is prolonged in it.' Narrated 'Aishah (RA): While on a journey, the Prophet (ﷺ) used to shorten the prayer (sometimes) and offer it completely (sometimes). Similarly, he used to observe fast (sometimes) and break it (sometimes). [ad-Daraqutni reported it, and its narrators are reliable, but it is a defective Hadith]. The Mahfudh (correct) narration from 'Aishah (RA) (concerning this matter) is that it was her practice (that she (RA) offered prayers in the complete form during travelling) [and not the practice of the Prophet (ﷺ)]. She said: 'It is not hard for me.' [al-Baihaqi reported it]. Narrated Ibn 'Umar (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Allah the Most High loves that His permissions be practiced, just as he dislikes that disobedience to Him be committed." [Ahmad reported it. Ibn Khuzaimah and Ibn Hibban graded it Sahih (authentic)]. A narration has, "As He loves that His... duties be observed." Narrated Anas (RA): When Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) went out on a journey of three miles or three Farasikh, he (ﷺ) used to pray two Rak'at. [Reported by Muslim]. Farasikh (plural of Farsakh) is Persian unit of distance. Farsakh is equal to about three miles. Narrated [Anas (RA)]: We went from al-Madinah to Makkah with Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and he prayed two Rak'at at each time of prayer till we returned to al-Madinah. [Agreed upon, and the wording is al-Bukhari's]. Narrated Ibn 'Abbas (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) (made a journey during which) he had a stop of nineteen days, during which he shortened his prayers. [Al-Bukhari] And in a narration: "(he (ﷺ) stayed) nineteen days in Makkah." In a narration of Abu Dawud: "seventeen days." And in another: "fifteen days." The narration of Abu Dawud from 'Imran bin Husain (RA) has: "eighteen days." His narration from Jabir (RA) has: Allah's Messenger (RA) stayed at Tabuk for twenty days, and he shortened the prayers (during his stay). [Its narrators are reliable, except that there is difference about whether or not it is Mawsul (unbroken chain of narrators)]. Narrated Anas (RA): When Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) (while on a journey) proceeded before the sun had declined from the centre of the sky, he (ﷺ) delayed the Zuhr prayer till the time of the 'Asr prayer; he (ﷺ) would then alight and combine the two prayers. If the sun declined before he (ﷺ) moved off, he (ﷺ) would offer the Zuhr prayer and ride (i.e. travel). [Agreed upon]. In the narration of al-Hakim quoted in the al-Arba'in with a Sahih Isnad, "He (ﷺ) prayed Zuhr and 'Asr then rode (his beast, to continue his journey.)" Abu Nu'aim has in his Mustakhraj of Muslim, "While on a journey, if the sun declined he (ﷺ) used to pray Zuhr and 'Asr together and then continue his journey." Narrated Mu'adh bin Jabal (RA): We went out with Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) on the Tabuk expedition, and he would offer Zuhr and 'Asr prayers together and Magbrib and 'Isha' prayers together. [Reported by Muslim]. Narrated Ibn 'Abbas (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Do not shorten the prayer (while travelling) for a distance of less than four Burud; from Makkah to 'Usfan." [ad-Daraqutni reported it through a weak chain of narrators, and the right opinion is that it is Mawquf (saying of a companion, i.e. Ibn 'Abbas). Ibn Khuzaima reported it as such]. Burud: Plural of Barid, which means three Farsakh, and one Farsakh is equal to three miles. Narrated Jabir (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "The best of my followers are those who, having done evil, ask for forgiveness (from Allah); and when on a journey, shorten (the prayer) and break the fast." [at-Tabarani reported it in al-'Awsat through a weak chain of narrators]. al-Baihaqi reported it in brief as a Mursal (missing link after the Tabi'i) from Sa'id bin al-Musaiyab. Narrated 'Imran bin Husain (RA): I suffered from piles. So I asked the Prophet (ﷺ) about the prayers. He said: "Pray standing; and if you are unable, (pray) sitting; and if you are unable, (pray) lying on your side." [Reported by al-Bukhari]. Narrated Jabir (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) visited a sick man and saw him praying on a cushion, he threw it away and said, "Pray on the ground, if you can, or else pray by gestures and make your prostration lower than your bowing." [al-Baihaqi reported it and Abu Hatim graded it Sahih (authentic) in Mawquf form (as a saying of a companion, i.e. Jabir)]. Narrated 'Aishah (RA): I saw the Prophet (ﷺ) praying while sitted in a cross-legged position. [Reported by an-Nasa'i; and al-Hakim graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated 'Abdullah bin 'Umar and Abu Hurairah (RA): They heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) say (while standing) upon the planks of his pulpit: "People must cease to neglect the Friday prayers, or else Allah will seal their hearts and then they will be among the unmindful." [Reported by Muslim]. Narrated Salmah bin Al-Akwa' (RA): We used to offer the Friday prayer with Allah's Messenger (RA) and return (to our homes) while the walls had no shade for us to go under (at that time). [Agreed upon. This is the wording of al-Bukhari]. And in a narration of Muslim: "We used to offer the Friday prayers with him [Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)] when the sun passed the meridian. We would then return and try to find the afternoon shadow. Narrated Sahl bin Sa'd (RA): We would not have a siesta (mid-day nap) nor lunch till after the Friday prayer. [Agreed upon; and the wording is Muslim's]. Another narration has: "during the life time of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ). Narrated Jabir (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) was standing while delivering the Khutbah (religious talk, sermon) on Friday when a caravan from Syria arrived. The people flocked towards it till no one was left [with the Prophet (ﷺ)] except twelve men. [Reported by Muslim]. Narrated Ibn 'Umar (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Whoever is in time for a Rak'ah of the Friday prayer, or any other prayer, should add another (Rak'ah) to it and his prayer will then be complete." [an-Nasa'i, Ibn Majah and ad-Daraqutni reported it; the wording is from ad-Daraqutni. Its chain of narrators is Sahih (authentic), but Abu Hatim strengthened the view that it is Mursal (missing link after the Tabi'i)]. Narrated Jabir bin Samurah (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) used to deliver the Khutbah (religious talk, sermon) while standing. He (ﷺ) would then sit down and then stand up and deliver the Khutbah in a standing posture. So, whoever informs you that he [the Prophet (ﷺ)] delivered the Khutbah (religious talk, sermon) while sitting has definitely told a lie. [Reported by Muslim]. Narrated Jabir bin 'Abdullah (RA): Whenever Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) delivered a Khutbah (religious talk), his eyes would become red, his voice rose and his anger would become intensified, as if he (ﷺ) was like one warning an army and saying, "The enemy has made a morning attack on you. The enemy has made an evening attack on you." He (ﷺ) would also say "Amma ba'du, the best of speech is embodied in the Book of Allah, and the best of guidance is the guidance of Muhammad. And the most evil of affairs are their innovations and every innovation is misguidance." [Reported by Muslim]. And in a narration of Muslim: "In the Prophet's Khutbah on Friday: He would praise Allah and extol Him. Then, following that, he would say - and he had raised his voice..." And in another narration from Muslim: "Whoever Allah guides, no one can lead astray; and whoever Allah leads astray, no one can guide him." an-Nasa'i has: "Every misguidance is (a cause to enter) the Fire." Narrated 'Ammar bin Yasir (RA): He heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) say: "The length of a man's prayer and the shortness of his Khutbah (religious talk) are a sign of his understanding (of the religion)." [Reported by Muslim]. Umm Hisham (RA) daughter of Haritha said: I learnt Surat Qaf (Chapter 50) from no other source than the tongue of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) who used to recite it every Friday on the pulpit when he delivered the Khutbah (sermon) to the people." [Reported by Muslim]. Narrated Ibn 'Abbas (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Whoever speaks on Friday while the Imam is giving the Khutbah (religious talk), he is like a donkey which carries books; and he who tells him to be quiet has no Jumu'ah." [Reported by Ahmad with an acceptable chain of narrators]. This Hadith interprets the Marfu' Hadith [attributed to the Prophet (ﷺ)] of Abu Hurairah reported in the Sahihain: On Friday, when the Imam is delivering the Khutbah (religious talk), if you say to your companion to keep quiet, then indeed you have committed a sin (error/something senseless). Narrated Jabir (RA): A man entered the mosque on a Friday when the Prophet (ﷺ) was delivering the Khutbah (religious talk, sermon) and he [the Prophet (ﷺ)] said, "Have you prayed? He replied, "No." He [the Prophet (ﷺ)] said, "Stand and pray two Rak'at." [Agreed upon]. Narrated Ibn 'Abbas (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) used to recite in Jumu'ah prayer Surat al-Jumu'ah and al-Munafiqun. [Reported by Muslim]. Narrated Nu'man bin Bashir (RA): He [Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)] used to recite in the two 'Eids and in the Friday prayer: "Sabbih isma Rabbikal-A'la (Surat 87)" and "Hal ataka hadithul-ghashiyah (Surat 88)." [Reported by Muslim]. Narrated Zaid bin Arqam (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) prayed the 'Eid prayer (on a Friday); and granted a permission (to be excused) from the praying of Friday prayer and said, "Whoever wants to pray it, he may pray." [Reported by al-Khamsah excluding at-Tirmidhi. Ibn Khuzaimah graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "When anyone of you prays the Jumu'ah prayer, he should pray four (optional) Rak'at after it." [Reported by Muslim]. Narrated as-Sa'ib bin Yazid (RA) that Mu'awiyah (RA) told him, "If you offer the Friday prayer, do not connect it with another prayer, till you talk or go out. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) had commanded us accordingly: That we should not connect a prayer to another prayer till we talk or go out (in between them)." [Reported by Muslim] Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Whoever takes a bath, then comes to al-Jumu'ah prayer, then prays what was fixed for him, then keeps silent till the Imam finishes the Khutbah (religious talk - sermon), and then prays along with him - his sins (committed) between that time and the next Friday will be forgiven, with an addition of three days more." [Reported by Muslim]. Narrated [Abu Hurairah (RA)]: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) mentioned the day of al-Jumu'ah and then said, "There is a time in it (Friday) at which no Muslim would stand up while praying and beg Allah, Who is Great and Glorious, for something except that He would give it to him. He (ﷺ) indicated with his hand that it (this time) is short." [Agreed upon]. A narration of Muslim has: "This time is brief." Narrated Abu Burdah (RA) from his father's: I heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) say, "That time is between the time when the Imam sits down and the end of the prayer." [Reported by Muslim. ad-Daraqutni held that the stronger view is that it is the saying of Abu Burdah]. Ibn Majah reported from 'Abdullah bin Salam and Abu Dawud and an-Nasa'i reported from Jabir: "It is between the 'Asr prayer and sunset." More than forty different sayings were narrated about this (special fortune time on Friday), and I have detailed them in (my book) 'Sharh al-Bukhari'. Narrated Jabir (RA): It is decided in the Sunnah that the Friday prayer (established/recognized) when forty praying persons or more attend it. [ad-Daraqutni reported it through a weak chain of narrators]. Narrated Samurah bin Jundub (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) used to ask for (Allah's) forgiveness for the believing men and believing women, every al-Jumu'ah (Friday prayer). [al-Bazzar reported it through a weak chain of narrators]. Narrated Jabir bin Samurah (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) used to recite some verses from the Qur'an in the Friday Khutbah (religious talk - sermon), reminding the people. [Abu Dawud reported it]. And its basic meaning is in Muslim. Narrated Tariq bin Shihab (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "The Friday prayer in congregation is an obligatory duty upon every Muslim, with the exception of four: a slave, a woman, a child and a sick person." [Reported by Abu Dawud, who said that Tariq did not hear (any Hadith) from the Prophet (ﷺ)]. al-Hakim also reported it from the narration of the aforementioned Tariq, who narrated from Abu Musa. Narrated Ibn 'Umar (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Jumu'ah prayer is not obligatory on a traveller." [Reported by at-Tabarani through a weak chain of narrators]. Narrated 'Abdullah bin Mas'ud (RA): Whenever Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) ascended the Minbar (to give the Friday Khutbah), we used to face him. [at-Tirmidhi reported it through a weak chain of narrators]. It has a Shahid (supporting narration) in the Hadith of al-Bara', reported by Ibn Khuzaimah. Narrated al-Hakam bin Hazn (RA): We attended the Friday prayer with the Prophet (ﷺ) and he (ﷺ) stood leaning on a staff or a bow. [Reported by Abu Dawud]. Narrated Salih bin Khawwat on the authority of one who offered the Fear prayer with Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) at the battle of Dhatur-Riqa' that a group (of the army) formed a line along with him and a group faced the enemy. He (ﷺ) led the group which was with him in a Rak'ah, and then remained standing while they finished their prayer by themselves. They then departed and lined up facing the enemy, and the other party came. He led them in the remaining Rak'a (of his prayer), after which he remained sitting while they finished their prayer by themselves. He then led them in uttering the Taslim (salutation). [Agreed upon; and this is the wording of Muslim]. This (Hadith) has been reported in al-Ma'rifah of Ibn Mundah: from Salih ibn Khawwat, from his father. Narrated Ibn 'Umar (RA): I went on an expedition with Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) to Najd, and when we came in front of the enemy we lined up in ranks facing them. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) then stood up and led us in prayer. One group stood up with him while the other faced the enemy. He prayed a Rak'ah with those who were with him and made two prostrations. Then, they changed places with those who had not prayed. When they came Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) prayed a Rak'ah with them and made two prostrations. He then uttered the Taslim (salutation) and each of them got up and prayed a Rak'ah alone and made two prostrations. [Agreed upon, and the wording if from al-Bukhari]. Narrated Jabir (RA): "I witnessed Salat-al-Khauf with Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and we lined up in two rows behind him with the enemy between us and the Qiblah. The Prophet (ﷺ) uttered the Takbir and we all uttered it; then he bowed and we all bowed; then he raised his head after bowing and we all raised ours; then he and the row immediately behind him went down in prostration while the rear row stood facing the enemy. Then, when Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) finished the prostration and the row immediately behind him stood up..." then he mentioned the Hadith. And in a narration "Then he prostrated and the first row prostrated with him. So when they stood, the second row prostrated then the first row went back and the second row came forward..." then he mentioned a similar to it. And at the end of it "Then the Prophet (ﷺ) uttered the Taslim (salutation) and we all did so." [Reported by Muslim]. Abu Dawud has reported from Abu 'Aiyash az-Zuraqi similarly, and he added: "it was in Usfan." an-Nasa'i reported this narration - through another chain of narrators - from Jabir (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) led a group of his Companions in two Rak'at after which he uttered the Taslim (salutation). Then he led another group in two Rak'at after which he uttered the Taslim (salutation)." Abu Dawud has reported similarly from Abu Bakrah (RA). Narrated Hudhaifah (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) performed Salatal-Khauf leading these (Companions) in one Rak'ah and those (other Companions) in one Rak'ah, and they did not make up the second Rak'ah. [Reported by Ahmad, Abu Dawud and an-Nasa'i. Ibn Hibban graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Ibn Khuzaimah has reported it similarly from Ibn 'Abbas (RA). Narrated Ibn 'Umar (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "The prayer in time of danger is one Rak'ah, in whatever manner it is (performed)." [al-Bazzar reported it through a weak chain of narrators]. Narrated [Ibn 'Umar (RA)]: (This Hadith is) attributed to the Prophet (ﷺ) "There is no Sahw (prostration for forgetfulness) in the prayer in time of danger." [ad-Daraqutni reported it through a weak chain of narrators]. Narrated 'Aishah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "('Eid) al-Fitr is the day on which the people break the fast, and ('Eid) al-Adha is the day the people offer sacrifices." [Reported by at-Tirmidhi]. Narrated Abu 'Umair bin Anas bin Malik (RA) on the authority of some of his paternal uncles who were among the Companions, that some riders came and testified that they had seen the new moon the previous day. The Prophet (ﷺ) therefore commanded the people to break the fast and go out to their place of prayer in the morning. [Reported by Ahmad and Abu Dawud. This is Abu Dawud's wording and its Isnad is Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated Anas (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) would not go out on the day of the breaking of the fast till he ate some dates, which he used to eat in odd numbers. [al-Bukhari reported it]. A Mu'allaq narration (broken chain from the side of the Hadith collector, i.e. al-Bukhari) - but connected by Ahmad - has: "and he used to them one by one." Narrated Ibn Buraidah on the authority of his father: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) would not go out on the day of breaking of the fast till he had some food, and he would not to take any food on the day of sacrifice till he had prayed (the 'Eid prayer). [Reported by Ahmad and at-Tirmidhi; Ibn Hibban graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated Umm 'Atiyah (RA): We were commanded to bring out on 'Eidul-Fitr and 'Eidul-Adha, the young women and the menstruating women to participate in the goodness and supplications of the Muslims. However, the menstruating women would refrain from the (actual) place of prayer. [Agreed upon]. Narrated Ibn 'Umar (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) Abu Bakr and 'Umar (RA) used to offer the 'Eid prayer before the Khutbah (religious talk - sermon). [Agreed upon]. Narrated Ibn 'Abbas (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) offered two Rak'at on the day of 'Eid, and did not pray before or after them. [Reported by as-Sab'ah]. Narrated [Ibn 'Abbas (RA)]: The Prophet (ﷺ) offered the 'Eid prayer without an Adhan or an Iqamah. [Reported by Abu Dawud]. And its basic meaning is in al-Bukhari. Narrated Abu Sa'id (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) never used to offer any prayer before the 'Eid prayer. But when he went back home, he used to pray two Rak'at. [Reported by Ibn Majah through a Hasan (good) chain of narrators]. Narrated [Abu Sa'id (RA)]: The Prophet (ﷺ) used to go out on the day of the breaking of the fast and the day of sacrifice to the place of prayer, and the first thing he would start with was the prayer. When he finished he would stand facing the people, who were seated in their rows, and he would then preach to them and command them. [Agreed upon]. Narrated 'Amr bin Shu'aib from his father on the authority of his grand father: The Prophet of Allah (ﷺ) said: "The Takbir in ('Eid) al-Fitr prayer are seven in the first Rak'ah and five in the second, and the recitation of the Qur'an in both is after the Takbir." [Reported by Abu Dawud]. at-Tirmidhi transmitted its Tashih (grading of authenticity) from al-Bukhari. Narrated Abu Waqid al-Laithi (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) used to recite on ('Eid) al-Adha and ('Eid) al-Fitr, Surat Qaf (Chapter 50) and Surat Al-Qamar (Chapter 54). [Reported by Muslim]. Narrated Jabir (RA): On an 'Eid day, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) would return by a different road from the one he had taken when going out (for the 'Eid prayer.) [Reported by al-Bukhari]. Abu Dawud has a similar report from Ibn 'Umar (RA). Narrated Anas (RA) that when Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) came to al-Madinah, the people had two days on which they engaged in games. He (ﷺ) said: "Allah has substituted for you something better than them: the day of sacrifice and the day of breaking the fast." [Reported by Abu Dawud and an-Nasa'i; with a Sahih Isnad (authentic chain)]. Narrated 'Ali (RA): It is Sunnah to go to the 'Eid (prayer) walking. [Reported by at-Tirmidhi who graded it Hasan (good)]. Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA): It rained on an 'Eid day, so the Prophet (ﷺ) led them (the people) in the 'Eid prayer in the mosque. [Reported by Abu Dawud with a Laiyin Isnad (weak chain)]. Narrated Mughirah bin Shu'bah (RA): That there was a solar eclipse in the time of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) on the day his son Ibrahim died. The people said, "The eclipse of the sun has happened due to the death of Ibrahim." Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "The sun and the moon are two of Allah's signs; they are not eclipsed due to the death or the life of anyone. So when you see them (the eclipse of the moon or sun) supplicate to Allah and offer prayers until the eclipse is over." [Agreed upon]. In a narration of al-Bukhari it has: "till it becomes bright." al-Bukhari's narration from Abu Bakrah (RA) has: Pray and supplicate (to Allah) till (the eclipse) is over." Narrated 'Aishah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) recited (from the Qur'an) in an audible voice in the prayer at an eclipse, and prayed two Rak'at in which he bowed four times and prostrated four times." [Agreed upon. This is the wording of Muslim]. In another narration of Muslim: "He (ﷺ) sent an announcer to announce: The prayer is (to be offered) in congregation". Narrated Ibn 'Abbas (RA): There was an eclipse of the sun in the life-time of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and then he prayed and stood for a long time, about as long as it would take to recite Surat al-Baqarah. Then, he bowed for a long time, and then he raised his head and stood for a long time, which was less than the first standing. Then, he bowed again for a long time, which was less than the first bowing. Then, he prostrated (twice) and then he stood for a long time, which was less than the first time standing. Then, he bowed for a long time, which was less than the first bowing. Then, he raised his head and stood up for a long time, which was less than the first standing. Then, he bowed for a long time, which was less than the first bowing. Then he prostrated (twice), and then he finished (the prayer), and the sun had become bright. He then delivered a Khutbah (religious talk, sermon). [Agreed upon. And the wording is al-Bukhari's]. In a narration of Muslim: "When there was an eclipse of the sun, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) performed eight bowings with four prostrations (in a two Rak'ah prayer for Eclipse)". Muslim reported from 'Ali (RA) similarly. He also reported from Jabir (RA): "He [Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)] performed six bowings with four prostrations (in a two Rak'ah prayer for Eclipse)." Narrated Ubai bin Ka'b (RA): "He [the Prophet (ﷺ)] prayed (the Eclipse prayer) and bowed five times and prostrated twice (in the first Rak'ah), and in the second Rak'a he also did the same." [Abu Dawud] Narrated Ibn 'Abbas (RA): No wind ever blew without the Prophet (ﷺ) getting down on his knees and saying, "O Allah, make it a mercy and do not make it a punishment." [Reported by ash-Shafi'i and at-Tabarani]. Narrated [Ibn 'Abbas (RA)]: He [the Prophet (ﷺ)] prayed during an earthquake six bowings and four prostrations, and said, "This is the way the Prayer of the Signs (of Allah) is offered. [Reported by al-Baihaqi]. ash-Shafi'i reported a similar Hadith without its end through 'Ali bin Abu Talib (RA). Narrated Ibn 'Abbas (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) went out (of al-Madinah, to pray for rain) humbling (himself), wearing rough clothes, submissive, walking slowly, supplicating (Allah). Then, he offered two Rak'at in the same way he prayed 'Eid, but did not deliver your kind of Khutbah (religious talk, sermon). [Reported by al-Khamsah; and at-Tirmidhi, Abu 'Awanah and Ibn Hibban graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated 'Aishah (RA): The people complained to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) of the lack of rain. So, he gave orders for a minbar, which was put for him at the prayer place. He then fixed a day for the people to come out. And he (ﷺ) came out when the edge of the sun appeared, sat down on the Minbar pronounced the greatness of Allah and expressed His praise. Then, he said, "You have complained of drought in your abodes. Allah has ordered you to supplicate Him, and promised that He would answer (your supplications)." Then he (ﷺ) said: All Praise is due to Allah, the Rabb (Lord) of the universe, the Compassionate, the Merciful, the Master of the Day of Judgement; nothing deserves to be worshipped except Allah, Who does what He wills. O Allah! You are Allah, nothing deserves to be worshipped except You; You are the Rich, and we are the poor; send down rain upon us and make what You send down strength and satisfaction for a time." He (ﷺ) then raised his hands and kept rising them till the whiteness of his armpits was visible. He then turned his back to the people and inverted his cloak while keeping his hands raised. He (ﷺ) then faced the people, descended and prayed two Rak'at. Then, Allah produced a cloud and storms of thunder and lightning came and the rain fell. [Reported by Abu Dawud who graded it Gharib (transmitted through a single narrator), but its chain is Jayyid (good)]. The story of how the Prophet (ﷺ) inverted his cloak is mentioned in Sahih al-Bukhari from the narration of 'Abdullah bin Zaid. And it contains (the words): "He (ﷺ) faced the Qiblah making supplication. Then, he prayed two Rak'at, reciting (the Qur'an) in them audibly." ad-Daraqutni reported from the Mursal Hadith of Abu Ja'far al-Baqir: "He (ﷺ) turned his cloak round, so that the drought may turn [from dry land to rained land). Narrated Anas (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) was delivering the Khutbah (religious talk, sermon) while standing on a Friday when a man came into the mosque and said, "O Messenger of Allah! The livestock have died and the roads are cut off, so supplicate Allah to send us down rain." Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) raised his hands and then said, "O Allah! send us down rain, O Allah! send us down rain, O Allah! send us down rain." And the reporter mentioned the complete Hadith, which contains supplication to stop the rain. [Agreed upon]. Narrated [Anas (RA)]: When they experienced drought 'Umar bin al-Khattab (RA) used to seek rain by asking al-'Abbas bin 'Abdul Muttalib (RA) to supplicate Allah for rain. He ('Umar) would say: 'O Allah, we used to ask our Prophet (RA) to supplicate to You for rain, and You would give us rain. We are now asking our Prophet's uncle to supplicate to You for rain, so give us rain." They would then be given rain. [Reported by al-Bukhari]. Narrated [Anas (RA)]: Rain fell upon us while we were with Allah's Messenger (ﷺ). He opened his garment till some of the rain fell upon him. He then said, "It has only recently been created by its Rabb." [Reported by Muslim]. Narrated 'Aishah (RA): When the Prophet (ﷺ) saw rain he said, "O Allah, (send down) a beneficial downpour." [Agreed upon]. Narrated Sa'd (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) supplicated (Allah) for rain saying, "O Allah, cover all the land with accumulated, thundering, plunging and lightening clouds from which You would send us down a showery, drizzly, and pouring rain. O Possessor of Glory and Honour." [Reported by Abu 'Awanah in his Sahih]. Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: Sulaiman (AS) (Solomon - Peace be upon him) went out to pray for rain, and he saw an ant lying on its back, raising its legs to the sky saying: "O Allah, we are creatures among your creatures, we cannot live without your water." He said (to his companions), "Go back, for you have been given water through the supplication of others." [Reported by Ahmad and al-Hakim graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated Anas (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) prayed for rain pointing the back of his palms to the sky. [Reported by Muslim]. Narrated Abu 'Aamir al-Ash'ari: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "There will be among my followers some people who will consider dultery (al-Hir) and the use of silk (al-Harir) lawful." [Reported by Abu Dawud, and its basic meaning is in al-Bukhari]. Narrated Hudhaifah (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade us from eating and drinking from gold and silver vessels, and from wearing or siting upon silk or brocade. [Reported by al-Bukhari]. Narrated 'Umar (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade the wearing of silk except the space of two or three or four fingers. [Agreed upon, and the wording is from Muslim]. Narrated Anas (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) gave permission to 'Abdur-Rahman bin 'Auf and az-Zubair to wear silk during the journey because of an itching which they suffered from. [Agreed upon]. Narrated 'Ali bin Abi Talib (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) presented me a silk suit of clothing. I went out wearing it, but on noticing anger on his face, I cut it up (and divided it) among the women of my household. [Agreed upon, and this is the wording of Muslim]. Narrated Abu Musa (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Gold and silk are lawful for the females among my followers, but prohibited to the males". [Reported by Ahmad, an-Nasa'i and at-Tirmidhi, who graded it Sahih (authentic)]. Narrated 'Imran bin Husain (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) said: "When Allah grants His blessings to His servant, He loves to see the traces of His favour upon him." [Reported by al-Baihaqi]. Narrated 'Ali (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade wearing of silk and clothes dyed with safflower (a red dye). [Reported by Muslim]. Narrated 'Abdullah bin 'Amr (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) saw me in two clothes dyed in safflower (a red dye), whereupon he said: "Did your mother order you to do this?" [Reported by Muslim]. Narrated Asma' bint Abu Bakr (RA): She brought out the mantle (over-garment) of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)) with it's collar, sleeves, front and back hemmed with brocade (silk). [Abu Dawud reported it]. Its basic meaning is in Muslim's Sahih with the addition: "It was with 'Aishah (RA) till she died, then I took possession of it. The Prophet (ﷺ) used to wear it, and we wash it for the sick, seeking cure by means of it." al-Bukhari added in Adab al-Mufrad: "He [the Prophet (ﷺ)] used to wear it on the visit of a delegation and on Fridays."