5. Jumu'a

Yahya related to me from Malik from Sumayy, the mawla of Abu Bakribn Abd ar-Rahman, from Abu Salih as-Sammani from Abu Hurayra that theMessenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Ifsomeone does ghusl for major ritual impurity on the day of jumua andthen goes in the first part of the time, it is as if he had offered upa camel. If he goes in the second part of the time, it is as if he hadoffered up a cow. If he goes in the third part of the time, it is asif he had offered up a horned ram. If he goes in the fourth part ofthe time, it is as if he had offered up a hen. If he goes in the fifthpart of the time, it is as if he had offered up an egg. And when theimam comes out, the angels settle down listening to the dhikr(remembrance of Allah)." Yahya related to me from Malik from Said ibn Abi Said al-Maqburithat Abu Hurayra used to say, "Doing ghusl as prescribed for majorritual impurity is incumbent (wajib) on the day of jumua on every malewho has reached puberty." Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab that Salim ibnAbdullah said, "One of the companions of the Messenger of Allah, mayAllah bless him and grant him peace, came into the mosque on the dayof jumua and Umar ibn al Khattab was already giving the khutba. Umarsaid, 'What (kind of) time is this (to arrive)?' He said, Amir al-muminin, I returned from the market and heard the call to prayer, so Idid no more than do wudu.' Umar said, 'You only did wudu as well? Youknow that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant himpeace, used to tell people to do ghusl.' " Yahya related to me from Malik from Safwan ibn Sulaym from Ataibn Yasar from Abu Said al-Khudri that the Messenger of Allah, mayAllah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Ghusl on the day of jumuais incumbent on every male who has reached puberty." Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi from Ibn Umar that theMessenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said,"When you come to jumua, do ghusl." Malik said, "It is notenough for someone to do a ghusl on the day of jumua and intend by itthe ghusl for jumua unless he does the ghusl and then sets off. Thatis because the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant himpeace, said in the hadith related by Ibn Umar, 'When you come tojumua, do ghusl .' " Malik said, "If someone does ghusl onthe day of jumua and intends by it the ghusl of the day of jumua andthen sets out, whether early or late, and does something which breakshis wudu, he only has to do wudu and his ghusl remains valid for him." Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu'z Zinad from al-Araj fromAbu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and granthim peace, said, "Even saying to your companion 'Listen' while theimam is giving the khutba on the day of jumua, is to speak foolishly." Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab that Thalaba ibnAbi Malik al Quradhi informed him that in the time of Umar ibn alKhattab they used to pray on the day of jumua until Umar came out, andwhen Umar came out and sat on the mimbar and the muadhdhins called theadhan, they would sit and talk, and then when the muadhdhins weresilent and Umar stood to give the khutba, they would pay attention andno-one would speak . Ibn Shihab said, "The imam coming outstops prayer and his speaking stops conversation." Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu'n Nadr, the mawla of Umaribn Ubaydullah, from Malik ibn Abi Amir that Uthman ibn Affan used tosay in khutbas, and he would seldom omit it if he was giving thekhutba, "When the imam stands delivering the khutba on the day ofjumua, listen and pay attention, for there is the same portion forsomeone who pays attention but cannot hear as for someone who paysattention and hears. And when the iqama of the prayer is called,straighten your rows and make your shoulders adjacent to each other,because the straightening of the rows is part of the completion of theprayer." Then he would not say the takbir until some men who had beenentrusted with straightening the rows came and told him that they werestraight. Then he would say the takbir. Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi that Abdullah ibn Umarsaw two men talking while the imam was giving the khutba on the day ofjumua and he threw pebbles at them to tell them to be quiet. Yahya related to me from Malik that he had heard that a mansneezed on the day of jumua while the imam was giving the khutba, anda man by his side asked Allah to bless him. Said ibn al Musayyab wasasked about it and he forbade the man to do what he had done and said,"Don't do it again." Yahya related to me from Malik that he asked Ibn Shihab abouttalking in the jumua after the imam had come down from the mimbar butbefore he had said the takbir. Ibn Shihab said, "There is no harm inthat." Yahya related to me from Malik that Ibn Shihab used to say, "Someone who catches a raka of the jumua prayer should pray another onewith it." Ibn Shihab said, "That is the sunna." Malik said,"I saw the people of knowledge in our city doing that. That is becausethe Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said,'Whoever catches a raka of the prayer has caught the prayer.' " Malik said, concerning some one who was in a crowd on the day ofjumua and did the ruku but was not able to go into sajda until theimam had risen or finished his prayer, "If he is able to do the sajdaand has already done the ruku then he should do the sajda when thepeople stand up. If he is unable to do thesajda until after the imamhas finished the prayer, then I prefer that he begins the prayeragainand does the four rakas of dhuhr." Malik said, "Someone who has a nosebleed on the day of jumuawhile the imam is giving the khutba and he leaves and does not comeback until the imam has finished the prayer, should pray four rakas.'' Malik said that someone who prayed a raka with the imam onthe day of jumua, then had a nosebleed and left and came back and theimam had prayed both rakas, should complete the prayer with anotherraka as long as he had not spoken. Malik said, "If some onehas a nosebleed, or something happens to him and he has no alternativebut to leave, he does not have to ask permission of the imam if hewants to leave on the day of jumua." Yahya related to me from Malik that he had asked Ibn Shihab aboutthe word of Allah, the Majestic, the Mighty, "O you who accept, whenthe call is made for the prayer on the day of jumua, make haste to theremembrance of Allah."(Sura 62 ayat 9). Ibn Shihab said, ''Umar ibnal-Khattab used to recite, 'When the call is made for the prayer onthe day of jumua, go to the remembrance of Allah.' " Maliksaid, "Making haste in the Book of Allah is only deed and action.Allah the Blessed, the Exalted, says 'and when he turns away, he actsin the land' (Sura 2 ayat 205), and He, the Exalted, said, 'and as forthe one who comes to you acting with fear' (Sura 80 ayat 8), and Hesaid, 'then he turned his back, and acted' (Sura 79 ayat 22),and Hesaid, 'Your deeds are diverse' " (Sura 92 ayat 4). Malik said, "Thusmaking haste which Allah mentions in His Book is not running on thefeet or exertion. It only means deed and actions." Malik said, "If the imam stops off on a journey in a town wherejumua is obligatory and he gives a khutba and takes the jumua prayerfor them, then the people of the town and any other people present dothe jumua prayer with him." Malik said, "If the imam gatherspeople for prayer while he is travelling in a town where the jumuaprayer is not obligatory, then there is no jumua for him, nor for thepeople of the town, nor for anyone else who joins them for the prayerin congregation, and the people of the town and anyone else who is nottravelling should complete the prayer." Malik added, "Atraveller does not have to do jumua " Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu'z Zinad from al-Araj fromAbu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and granthim peace, mentioned the day of jumua and said, "There is a time in itwhen Allah gives to a muslim slave standing in prayer whatever he asksfor," and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant himpeace, indicated with his hand how small it was. Yahya related to me from Malik from Yazid ibn Abdullah ibn al-Had from Muhammad ibn Ibrahim ibn al-Harith at-Taymi from Abu Salama ibn Abd ar-Rahman ibn Awf that Abu Hurayra said, "I went out to at-Tur (Mount Sinai) and met Kab al Ahbar and sat with him. He related to me things from the Tawrah and I related to him things from the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. Among the things I related to him was that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'The best of days on which the sun rises is the day of jumua. In it Adam was created, and in it he fell from the Garden. In it he was forgiven, and in it he died. In it the Hour occurs, and every moving thing listens from morning till sunset in apprehension of the Hour except jinn and men. In it is a time when Allah gives toa muslim slave standing in prayer whatever he asks for.' Kab said, 'That is one day in every year.' I said, 'No, in every jumua.' Then Kab recited the Tawrah and said, 'The Messenger of Allah has spoken the truth.' "Abu Hurayra continued, "I met Basra ibn Abi Basra al-Ghiffari and he said, 'Where have you come from?' I said, 'From at-Tur.' He said, 'If I had seen you before you left, you would not have gone. I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, "Only make a special journey to three mosques: the mosque of the Haram (Makka), this mosque (Madina), andthe mosque of Ilya or the Bait al-Maqdis (two names of Jerusalem)." '" (He was not sure which expression was used.) Abu Hurayracontinued, "Then I met Abdullah ibn Salam and I told him that I hadsat with Kabal-Ahbar, and I mentioned what I had related to him aboutthe day of jumua, and told him that Kab had said, 'That is one day inevery year.' Abdullah ibn Salam said, 'Kab lied,' and I added, 'Kabthen recited the Tawrah and said, "No, it is in every jumua.'' 'Abdullah ibn Salam said, 'Kab spoke the truth. 'Then Abdullah ibnSalam said, 'I know what time that is.' " Abu Hurayracontinued, "I said to him, 'Let me know it - don't keep it from me.'Abdullah ibn Salam said, 'It is the last period of time in the dayofjumua.' " Abu Hurayra continued, "I said, 'How can it be thelast period of time in the day of jumua, when the Messenger of Allah,may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "a muslim slavestanding in prayer", and that is a time when there is no prayer?'Abdullah ibn Salam replied, 'Didn't the Messenger of Allah, may Allahbless him and grant him peace, say, "Whoever sits waiting for theprayer is in prayer until he prays?" "' Abu Hurayra added, "Isaid, 'Of course.' He said, 'Then it is that.' " Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said that he hadheard that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant himpeace, said, "There is nothing wrong in wearing two garments which arenot work-clothes for jumua." Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi that Abdullah ibn Umarwould never go to jumua without wearing oil and perfume except when itwas forbidden (i.e. when he was muhrim). Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi from Abdullah ibn AbiBakr ibn Hazm from whoever related it to him that Abu Hurayra used tosay, "It is better for a man to pray on the surface of al Harra (arocky area in Madina) than for him to wait until the imam stands togive the khutba and then come and step over people's necks." Malik said, "The sunna with us is that the people face the imam on theday of jumua when he intends to give the khutba, whether they are nearthe qibla or elsewhere." Yahya related to me from Malik from Damra ibn Said al-Mazini fromUbaydullah ibn Abdullah ibn Utba ibn Masud that ad-Dahhak ibn Qaysasked an-Numan ibn Bashir, "What did the Messenger of Allah, may Allahbless him and grant him peace, use to recite on the day of jumua aftersuratal-Jumua (Sura 62)?" He said, "He used to recite al-Ghashiya(Sura 88)." Yahya related to me from Malik that Safwan ibn Sulaym said, "Ifanyone omits jumua three times without reason or illness, Allah willset a seal on his heart." (Malik said, "I don't know if it was fromthe Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, ornot.") Yahya related to me from Malik from Jafar ibn Muhammad from hisfather that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant himpeace, gave two khutbas on the day of jumua and sat down between them.